Platelets miRNA as a Prediction Marker of Thrombotic Episodes

Abstract

The blood platelets are crucial for the coagulation physiology to maintain haemostatic balance and are involved in various pathologies such as atherosclerosis and thrombosis. The studies of recent years have shown that anucleated platelets are able to succeed protein synthesis. Additionally, mRNA translation in blood platelets is regulated by miRNA molecules. Recent works postulate the possibility of using miRNAs as biomarkers of atherosclerosis and ischemic episodes. This review article describes clinical studies that presented blood platelets miRNAs expression profile changes in different thrombotic states, which suggest use of these molecules as predictive biomarkers.

Platelet Count and Function during Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

“…72 MicroRNAs have been reported as biomarkers for cardioembolic disease, stroke, and deep vein thrombosis and current studies are focused on use as biomarkers for platelet activation. [72][73][74] They are more stable to collect and analyze than messenger RNA, can be frozen and thawed for analysis and do not require tissue for DNA evaluation. How microRNA and genetic variability effect patients on ECMO has not been evaluated, but may have the ability to answer the perplexing questions as to why some patients with similar disease processes, ages, anticoagulant regimens, similar testing results and similar ECMO equipment bleed while others clot.…”

Anticoagulation in Neonatal ECMO: An Enigma Despite a Lot of Effort!

“…They have been shown to be associated with conditions of thrombosis, such as stroke and ischemic heart disease. Platelets, adams13, tissue factor, fibrinogen and proteins regulating fibrinolysis have all been suggested as important players in hemostasis during ECMO (95). The changes in miRNA production related to the hemostatic system on exposure to ECMO has not been evaluated, but establishing what changes in miRNA occur with ECMO may provide new data to develop these as biomarkers for thrombotic risk or even therapeutic intervention.…”

Genomics and transcriptomics of megakaryocytes and platelets: Implications for health and disease

“…Furthermore, miR-96 is predicted to bind to 3'-UTR of VAMP8 mRNA and has been shown to be expressed in platelets. 48 Patients with hyperreactive platelets had a 4.8-fold increase in VAMP8 mRNA levels compared to patients with hyporeactive platelets. Interestingly, in a small number of study subjects, miR-96, which decreases VAMP8 mRNA was expressed at higher levels in platelets that were defined to be hyporeactive.…”

“…VAMP8 mRNA has been shown to be differentially expressed in patients with coronary artery disease due to a SNP in the VAMP8 3'UTR (A‐>G rs1010). Furthermore, miR‐96 is predicted to bind to 3’‐UTR of VAMP8 mRNA and has been shown to be expressed in platelets 48. Patients with hyperreactive platelets had a 4.8‐fold increase in VAMP8 mRNA levels compared to patients with hyporeactive platelets.…”