Platelets in the pathogenesis of flavivirus disease

Pillai, Agieshkumar Balakrishna; Chu, Justin Jang Hann; Mariappan, Vignesh; JeanPierre, Aashika Raagavi

doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2021.12.007

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“… Patients with severe disease had thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) as compared to those of non-severe cases (Lippi et al 2020 ). Cellular interactions and adhesions of platelet-leukocyte and ECs during the infection (Canzano et al 2021 ; Mariappan et al 2021 ; Balakrishna Pillai et al 2022 ). The coagulopathy observed in severe cases may be due to the results of inflammatory responses and endothelial activation or damage (Zhou et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Endothelial Dysfunction and Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neutralizing the free radicals could alleviate the disease severity following an infection by positive strand RNA viruses

Pillai

JeanPierre

Mariappan

et al. 2022

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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Free radical release due to oxidative stress is gaining importance in the field of viral pathogenesis. Recent studies suggest the involvement of oxidative stress and ROS levels in regulating disease virulence during RNA virus infection. Most of the RNA virus infections lead to vascular dysfunction and disease severity. However, the biology of free radicals in maintaining vascular endothelium integrity is not completely understood. In the present review, we discuss some of the common features in positive-strand RNA virus infections such as dengue and SARS-CoV-2 and suggest that anti-oxidant therapy could pave the way to develop therapeutic strategies in combating emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12192-022-01269-x.

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Section: Endothelial Dysfunction and Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cellular interactions and adhesions of platelet-leukocyte and ECs during the infection (Canzano et al 2021 ; Mariappan et al 2021 ; Balakrishna Pillai et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Endothelial Dysfunction and Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralizing the free radicals could alleviate the disease severity following an infection by positive strand RNA viruses

Pillai

JeanPierre

Mariappan

et al. 2022

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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“…On the other hand, evidence also suggests that platelets and micro-particles derived from platelets are shown to be involved in endothelial dysfunction by the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and also by triggering the production of inflammatory cytokines [ 23 ]. Recently, we have described the role of platelets in endothelial dysfunction during flaviviral infection [ 24 ]. Thus, studies in terms of endothelial dysregulation, hyper-inflammation, and thrombosis could provide a better understanding of disease pathogenesis.…”

Section: Single-strand Rna Viruses and Endothelial Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration of vascular endothelial integrity by mesenchymal stromal/stem cells in debilitating virus diseases

et al. 2022

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Endothelial dysfunction is one of the key cornerstone complications of emerging and re-emerging viruses which lead to vascular leakage and a high mortality rate. The mechanism that regulates the origin of endothelial dysregulation is not completely elucidated. Currently, there are no potential pharmacological treatments and curable management for such diseases. In this sense, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) has been emerging to be a promising therapeutic strategy in restoring endothelial barrier function in various lung disease, including ALI and ARDS. The mechanism of the role of MSCs in restoring endothelial integrity among single-strand RNA (ssRNA) viruses that target endothelial cells remains elusive. Thus, we have discussed the therapeutic role of MSCs in restoring vascular integrity by (i) inhibiting the metalloprotease activity thereby preventing the cleavage of tight junction proteins, which are essential for maintaining membrane integrity (ii) possessing antioxidant properties which neutralize the excessive ROS production due to virus infection and its associated hyper host immune response (iii) modulating micro RNAs that regulate the endothelial activation and its integrity by downregulating the inflammatory response during ssRNA infection.

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“…Early prediction of disease outcomes could provide prompt medical attention and reduce the risk of fatality (2) The exact mechanism that regulates vascular dysfunction and platelet destruction in the pathogenesis of dengue remains obscure. Recently, we have reported the role of platelet lipids in the pathogenesis of dengue (3). Lipids play a role in structural, energy storage, and cellular barriers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma levels of Ceramides and their association with Hematocrit and Thrombocytopenia in Severe and Non-severe dengue

JeanPierre

Mariappan

Green

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BackgroundPlasma leakage due to endothelial permeability is regarded as a hallmark process in the pathophysiology of severe dengue. In recent years, the importance of ceramide in regulating vascular tone during viral infection and metabolic diseases has gained attention. The present study aimed to evaluate the plasma levels of ceramide and its association with plasma leakage in dengue patients.MethodsThe study involved 30 dengue samples involving severe dengue (SD-10), Dengue with Warning sign (DWW-10), Dengue without Warning Sign (DWOW-10), along with other febrile illness (OFI-10) controls. Samples were collected on the day of admission (DOA), day of defervescence (DOD), and day of convalescence (DOC). Total plasma ceramides (d18:1/22:0) were quantified using RP-HPLC. The correlation between ceramides and hematocrit/platelet count was evaluated using Spearman Rho Correlation. All the statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software.ResultsDuring the febrile phase, a significant (P≤0.05) decrease in the levels of ceramides was observed in dengue compared to OFI (control). Towards the defervescences, the ceramides levels were substantially (P ≤ 0.001) elevated in dengue groups compared to baseline. Most importantly, the ceramide levels were found to be higher in SD patients compared to non-severe dengue (DWW & DWOW) and OFI, particularly at the critical phase of infection. We observed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.867, P ≤0.001) between the platelet count and ceramide levels in SD subjects. Notably, a negative correlation was observed between ceramide and hematocrit during the defervescence phase (R = -0.355, P≤0.05) in the AD group.ConclusionElevated levels of circulating plasma ceramides during the defervescence phase of severe dengue show an essential role of ceramides in disease pathogenesis, however further studies are required to ascertain it.

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Platelets in the pathogenesis of flavivirus disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 70 publications

Neutralizing the free radicals could alleviate the disease severity following an infection by positive strand RNA viruses

Neutralizing the free radicals could alleviate the disease severity following an infection by positive strand RNA viruses

Restoration of vascular endothelial integrity by mesenchymal stromal/stem cells in debilitating virus diseases

Plasma levels of Ceramides and their association with Hematocrit and Thrombocytopenia in Severe and Non-severe dengue

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