Platelet serotonin levels in alcoholic patients: Changes related to physiological and pathological factors

Bailly, D.; Vignau, Jean; Racadot, N; Beuscart, R.; Servant, Dominique; Parquet, P. J.

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(93)90055-l

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…during withdrawal. It seems that platelet 5-HT concentration is reduced in alcoholics regardless of the time-period after alcohol intoxication, or regardless of the acute alcohol consumption, since platelet 5-HT levels were decreased in acutely-intoxicated alcoholics (Schmidt et al, 1997), in alcoholics during withdrawal (present study, Bailly et al, 1990Bailly et al, , 1993 or in alcoholics after 2 weeks of abstinence (Bailly et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…This is especially important since most studies measured platelet 5-HT content in alcoholics who were not divided into male and female subjects (Schmidt et al, 1997), or failed to detect any significant sex-related differences in platelet 5-HT content (Bailly et al, 1990;. This difference might be due to the small number (N = 9) of female alcoholics in the study of Bailly et al (1990), however the same group (Bailly et al, 1993) failed to detect sex-related differences in platelet 5-HT levels in the much bigger groups of alcoholic patients. Since sex differences in some peripheral serotonergic measures (5-HT transporter gene, whole blood 5-HT level, and platelet 5-HT binding) were detected in families with alcoholism (Stoltenberg et al, 2002), in our study we divided alcoholic subjects by gender.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Platelet serotonin concentration in alcoholic subjects

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet serotonin concentration in alcoholic subjects

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Platelet 5-HT levels are decreased in alcohol abusing and dependent patients at the day of acute withdrawal and after 2 weeks of abstinence [50]. Whether this reflects the situation in the brain is not clear.…”

Section: Role Of Serotonergic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Recent Developments in the Neurobiology of Alcoholism and Drug Dependence with Focus on the Contributions of European Laboratories

Rommelspacher¹

1995

Eur Addict Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms of alcohol and drug dependence has advanced markedly in recent years and this explosion of knowledge has led to new therapeutic strategies especially in the field of relapse prevention (‘anti-craving’ medication). Well-established treatments, e.g. with benzodiazepines, might be replaced by compounds with less abuse liability which have been developed on the basis of our knowledge of the neurobiological mechanisms of addiction. For example, it is now clear that there are many subtypes of ligand- and voltage-gated ion channels and enzyme-coupled receptors. The sensitivity of these transduction mechanisms to alcohol and drugs is subtype dependent. In the coming years new treatment can be expected for addicted subjects of specific indications like, for example, the neurotoxicity of ethanol abuse and the treatment of memory deficits. Such medication is developed based on studies demonstrating that ethanol inhibits glutamate-activated channels, particularly the NMDA subtypes and certain voltage-dependent calcium channels. In contrast to NMDA receptor subtypes, the function of 5-HT₃- and some GABA-activated channels is enhanced by acute ethanol exposure. With chronic exposure, there are often compensatory changes of the transduction mechanisms. Genetic approaches have proven powerful in understanding the role of these mechanisms in ethanol actions and are likely to figure prominently in future research in this area.

show abstract

“…Alcoholics exhibit abnormalities in a host of parameters of 5-HT function: decreased plasma levels of tryptophan (Branchey et al 1981); a decreased plasma ratio of tryptophan to other amino acids that compete with it for transport (Branchey et al 1981); decreased platelet 5-HT content (Bailly et al 1993); and increased platelet 5-HT uptake (Daoust et al 1991). Abstinent alcoholics have also been found to exhibit lower cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the major 5-HT metabolite, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA; Ballenger et al 1979), which normalized after 1 week of drinking (Zarcone et al 1975 (Naranjo et al 1984(Naranjo et al , 1987.…”

Section: Data In Animals and Adults Indicate That Central Serotonergimentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin Function and Risk for Alcoholism in Boys with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Schulz

McKay

Newcorn

et al. 1998

Neuropsychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Data in animals and adults indicate that central serotonergic (5-HT) function may be involved in the development of alcohol abuse. Despite this, studies exploring this mechanism in individuals at risk for alcoholism are scant. This study used a fenfluramine (FEN) challenge procedure to investigate the relationship between risk for alcoholism and 5-HT function in 7-to 11-year-old boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The prolactin (PRL) and cortisol (CORT) responses to FEN were examined in 10 sons of alcoholic fathers (FA ϩ ) and 30 sons of nonalcoholic fathers (FA Ϫ)A substantial animal and human literature exists in support of an association between central serotonergic (5-HT) function and the development and maintenance of alcohol abuse and dependence. Experimental manipulations in animals that deplete central 5-HT increase alcohol consumption (Ho et al. 1974), whereas interventions that increase 5-HT neurotransmission decrease alcohol intake (Lu et al. 1993). Furthermore, several different rat species genetically bred to prefer alcohol, but kept alcohol-naive, have been found to have decreased 5-HT neurotransmission (Murphy et al. 1982;Zhou et al. 1991).Clinical research in alcohol-dependent individuals has also provided support for the involvement of 5-HT in the development of alcoholism. Alcoholics exhibit abnormalities in a host of parameters of 5-HT function: decreased plasma levels of tryptophan (Branchey et al. 1981); a decreased plasma ratio of tryptophan to other amino acids that compete with it for transport (Branchey et al. 1981); decreased platelet 5-HT content (Bailly et al. 1993); and increased platelet 5-HT uptake (Daoust et al. 1991). Abstinent alcoholics have also been found to exhibit lower cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the major 5-HT metabolite, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA; Ballenger et al. 1979), which normalized after 1 week of drinking (Zarcone et al. 1975 (Naranjo et al. 1984(Naranjo et al. , 1987. In aggregate, the evidence indicates that dysfunction in 5-HT neurotransmission may be associated with a propensity toward alcohol abuse and dependence. However, the results from studies using alcoholics as subjects must be interpreted cautiously, because alcohol has been found to affect 5-HT function (for review, see LeMarquand et al. 1994). Given that genetic factors appear to play a role in the development of alcoholism (Bohman et al, 1987), the study of nonalcoholic individuals who are a high genetic risk for alcoholism may prove a fruitful strategy for investigating the neurochemical propensity to alcohol abuse. Interestingly, nonalcoholic relatives of alcoholics have been found to exhibit increased platelet 5-HT uptake (Ernouf et al. 1993, Rausch et al. 1991, which suggests a decreased availability of 5-HT in the synapse.Longitudinal research indicates that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at high risk for developing alcoholism during adolescence (Blouin et al. 1978) and adulthood (Greenfield et al. 1988). Furthermore, f...

show abstract

Platelet serotonin levels in alcoholic patients: Changes related to physiological and pathological factors

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

Platelet serotonin concentration in alcoholic subjects

Platelet serotonin concentration in alcoholic subjects

Recent Developments in the Neurobiology of Alcoholism and Drug Dependence with Focus on the Contributions of European Laboratories

Serotonin Function and Risk for Alcoholism in Boys with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About