Platelet-rich fibrin for rehydration and pre-vascularization of an acellular, collagen membrane of porcine origin

Abstract

Objectives Pre-vascularization of the collagen membranes with autologous platelet concentrates is a standard procedure in oral and maxillofacial surgery. This study analyzed the possible interaction of an acellular collagen membrane of porcine origin (NM) with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) regarding its rehydration protocol with differences in pH values and effect on angiogenesis. Materials and methods NM was analyzed alone and combined with solid PRF by plotting or co-culturing with injectable PRF. Different media (venous blood, buffer solution with a fixed pH value of 7, saline solution, and injectable PRF) were used to analyze the influence on pH value during rehydration. Chorion allantois membrane assay (CAM) was applied to check pro-angiogenic effects after 24, 48, and 72 h, followed by immunohistochemical analysis. Results Rehydration in injectable PRF showed acidity over time (p < 0.05). A definite pro-angiogenic effect of NM alone was found regarding neo-vessel formation supported by the respective light microscopically analysis without significant differences to PRF alone (p > 0.005). This pro-angiogenic effect could not be exaggerated when NM was combined with liquid/solid PRF (each p > 0.005). Conclusions Rehydration with liquid PRF of the collagen membrane results in acidity compared to a saline solution or patient’s blood. The significant pro-angiogenic potential of the membrane alone resulted in enhanced neo-vessel formation that could not be optimized with the addition of PRF. Clinical relevance statement Using injectable PRF for rehydration protocol of the collagen membrane leads to acidosis that can ultimately optimize wound healing. Differences in the physio-mechanical interplay of collagen matrices and autologous platelet concentrates must result in clinical algorithms if pre-vascularization can maximize outcomes.