Platelet Membrane–Encapsulated MSNs Loaded with SS31 Peptide Alleviate Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Abstract

Clinically, antioxidant therapy is a potential strategy for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI), a common complication of acute myocardial ischemia. The H-D-Arg-Dmt-Ly-Phe-NH2 (SS31) peptide is shown to have amazing antioxidant properties, but its utilization is limited by the peptide characteristics, such as the destruction by proteases and rapid metabolism. Silica nanoparticles (MSNs) comprise an excellent material for peptide delivery, owing to the protection effect relating to peptides. Moreover, platelet membrane (PLTM) is shown to be advantageous as a coat for nanosystems because of its specific protein composition, such that a PLTM-coated nanosystem has a stealth effect in vivo, able to target injury in the cardiovascular system. Based on this feature, we designed and prepared a novel nanocarrier to target SS31 delivery. This carrier is encapsulated by a platelet membrane and loaded with SS31 peptide into MSNs. The results reveal that this delivery system can target SS31 to the injured cardiovascular site, exert antioxidant function, and alleviate MI/RI.

The effect of urbanization on agricultural eco-efficiency and mediation analysis

“…The ratio of the covered area to the sown area of crops negatively impacted AEE. Still, it did not pass the significance test, which was consistent with the conclusion of previous studies (Zhang, 2018;Zhang et al, 2022). Crop planting structure significantly improved AEE in the moderate development region but failed to pass the significance test in the other two regions.…”

“…Adopting the geographical detector model (Wang et al, 2021c) detected that rural residents' income was an important driving factor of AEE spatial differentiation. Based on the panel Tobit model, Zhang et al (2022) found that rural residents' income positively impacted AEE in Hunan, which was consistent with the conclusion obtained in a research on Henan province (Yan et al, 2022). With the increase in rural residents' disposable income by 100 CNY (China yuan), AEE increased by 9.5% (Liu et al, 2020b).…”

“…The coefficient of urbanization on the rural residents' income was negative but failed the significance test. Also, the impact of a rural residents' income on AEE was negative but (Zhang et al, 2022). Expressly, the total effect of urbanization on AEE declined in the following order: protected development region > moderate development region > optimized development region.…”

“…Agricultural employees and rural residents' per capita net income were selected as the proxy variables of agricultural labor and rural residents' income, respectively. (4) Control variables: Control variables were chosen from the perspective of natural disasters, agricultural production and socioeconomic development (Pan and Ying, 2013;Zhang et al, 2022). Natural disasters can damage the agricultural environment while reducing agricultural output (Wang and Zhang, 2018), which is closely related to AEE (Yang et al, 2023).…”

Cell or cell derivative-laden hydrogels for myocardial infarction therapy: from the perspective of cell types

“…This strategy effectively delivered SS31 peptide to the damaged heart site to exert antioxidant function. 219 In addition, researchers have delivered non-selective b-blockers (Carvedilol), tissue fibrinogen activator (tPA), and CSCs-derived secretome by platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles for treating MI. 220 5.2.2 Stem/progenitor cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles.…”