Plastics Testing and Characterization

Naranjo, Alberto; E., María del Pilar Noriega; Osswald, Tim A.; Roldán‐Alzate, Alejandro; Sierra, Juan Diego

doi:10.3139/9783446418530.fm

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The second is due to the lower viscosity of PEG compared to UHMWPE and PP that easily migrate to the skin layer of the melt where the shear rate is maximum. According to Naranjo et al [ 22 ], surface tension between two materials appears as a result of different intermolecular interactions and was found to play a significant role in the deformation of polymers during flow, especially in dispersive mixing of polymer blends. Based on this paper, a similar factor is expected to contribute in the melt viscosity reductions of UHMWPE/HDPE/PEG blends.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical, Rheological, and Bioactivity Properties of Ultra High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Bioactive Composites Containing Polyethylene Glycol and Hydroxyapatite

Ahmad

Wahit

Kadir

et al. 2012

The Scientific World Journal

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Ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene/high-density polyethylene (UHMWPE/HDPE) blends prepared using polyethylene glycol PEG as the processing aid and hydroxyapatite (HA) as the reinforcing filler were found to be highly processable using conventional melt blending technique. It was demonstrated that PEG reduced the melt viscosity of UHMWPE/HDPE blend significantly, thus improving the extrudability. The mechanical and bioactive properties were improved with incorporation of HA. Inclusion of HA from 10 to 50 phr resulted in a progressive increase in flexural strength and modulus of the composites. The strength increment is due to the improvement on surface contact between the irregular shape of HA and polymer matrix by formation of mechanical interlock. The HA particles were homogenously distributed even at higher percentage showed improvement in wetting ability between the polymer matrix and HA. The inclusion of HA enhanced the bioactivity properties of the composite by the formation of calcium phosphate (Ca-P) precipitates on the composite surface as proven from SEM and XRD analysis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical, Rheological, and Bioactivity Properties of Ultra High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Bioactive Composites Containing Polyethylene Glycol and Hydroxyapatite

Ahmad

Wahit

Kadir

et al. 2012

The Scientific World Journal

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“…Figure 3 shows the infrared spectra of the greenhouse plastics, obtained by the ATR technique, (initial and after 18 months of exposure samples). The bands with the highest intensity at 2920, 2850, 1473, 1463, 730, and 720 cm −1 correspond to the characteristic signals of PE, 25,44 while the band at 875 cm −1 corresponds to the charge of the sample identified as calcium carbonate. The structural changes on the surface are evidenced in the bands of lower intensity, around 1720 cm −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Infrared spectra of the surface of the samples were obtained by FTIR spectroscopy with a diamond crystal Attenuated Total Reflectance accessory. 25 The strongest bands were analyzed and compared with signals previously identified by transmittance FTIR. Finally, the structural changes of the surface of the samples were established.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical possibilities for recycling plastics from agribusiness

Cadena

Aldás

Aguilar

et al. 2021

Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology

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Plastic waste generated by the Ecuadorian agro-industrial sector represents one of the main environmental impacts, particularly in floricultural and banana production, as a result of its use as a greenhouse cover and as a protective element for the fruit cluster, respectively. The situation become more complicated because of the level of degradation caused by environmental exposure and the degree of contamination due to the use of agrochemicals that plastics present once their useful life has expired. The current research was divided into two stages: characterization of plastic waste and conditioning prior to reprocessing. The results revealed the plastic waste of the floricultural and banana sector, whose predominant material corresponds to LDPE and HDPE, respectively, presents a level of contamination that allows them to be considered as “non-hazardous” waste, which allows them to be recycled, but their processes must be properly controlled and carried out by qualified people. The level of degradation in the exposed banana bags showed losses of mechanical properties of tensile less than 50%, which means that the material is not degraded and it is feasible to recycle it directly. Additionally, the FTIR-ATR spectra on both sides of the film in the samples did not register representative bands of oxidation. On the other hand, in the greenhouse waste, the losses of mechanical properties of tensile strength above 50% as well as the noticeable formation of carbonyl groups in the structure of the material showed the degradation of the plastic. Therefore, the feasibility of recycling will depend on the incorporation of virgin material. The conditioning of the waste for subsequent recycling revealed the need of a washing process consisting of four stages: initial cleaning, pre-wash, washing, and air-drying.

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“…Finally, in order to examine the curing mechanism, FTIR spectroscopy data are collected for the oligomer and the resin cured at 200°C for times up to 30 h. The representative absorption curves are shown in Figure . The peak at 2950 cm −1 represents the C–H stretching absorption; the peak at 2510 cm −1 is for the S–H thiol bond, and the peak at 1720 cm −1 is associated with the C=O in the carboxyl group . During the cure, the intensity of the S–H peak decreases with the time of curing whereas the intensity of the C–H and C=O remains relatively constant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peak at 2950 cm 21 represents the C-H stretching absorption; the peak at 2510 cm 21 is for the S-H thiol bond, and the peak at 1720 cm 21 is associated with the C5O in the carboxyl group. 50 During the cure, the intensity of the S-H peak decreases with the time of curing whereas the intensity of the C-H and C5O remains relatively constant. Note that, although the height of the C5O absorption peak decreases upon curing, the area under the peak is only about 3% lower.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 92%

Curing kinetics of a “green” thiol‐containing resin: Oligo(ethylene‐2‐mercaptosuccinate)

Davis

Droske

Zheng

2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This work focuses on examining the curing process of neat oligo(ethylene-2-mercaptosuccinate) using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rheology, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The thiol-containing resin offers much promise as a bioabsorbable polymer in medical field and as a reusable thermoset in sustainable applications. Although curing between thiol groups has been investigated in solutions, studies of neat materials without solvent are rare. Here, the evolution of glass transition temperature (T g ), complex shear modulus (G*), gelation, and chemical structure are monitored as a function of isothermal curing time and temperature. Both T g and G* increase with curing, indicating the formation of polymer networks. The conversion of the cure is determined from the DiBenedetto equation and is found to follow a second-order plus second-order autocatalytic reaction model. Importantly, the intensity of the S-H bond absorption decreases with the extent of curing, which confirms the curing mechanism, i.e., disulfide formation between the thiol groups. V C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43205.

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Plastics Testing and Characterization

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Mechanical, Rheological, and Bioactivity Properties of Ultra High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Bioactive Composites Containing Polyethylene Glycol and Hydroxyapatite

Mechanical, Rheological, and Bioactivity Properties of Ultra High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Bioactive Composites Containing Polyethylene Glycol and Hydroxyapatite

Technical possibilities for recycling plastics from agribusiness

Curing kinetics of a “green” thiol‐containing resin: Oligo(ethylene‐2‐mercaptosuccinate)

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