Plasticizer leaching from flexible PVC in low temperature caustic solution

Effects of steam on the thermal dehydrochlorination of poly(vinyl chloride) resin and flexible poly(vinyl chloride) under atmospheric pressure

“…This evaporation has been previously observed for temperatures as low as 150 C, even though the vapor pressure of DINP is only 60 Pa at 200 C [30]. Meanwhile, hydrolysis has been observed at temperatures above 120 C [31]; in this case, it could be catalyzed by evolved HCl (Fig. 2).…”

Recent advances in analysis of phthalate esters in foods

“…Currently, approximately 80% of annual production of PAEs is used as plasticizers in the world, especially for the production of polyvinylchloride (PVC) [51]. In 2013, the annual production of PVC exceeded 15 million tons in China [52].…”

Environmental impact of phthalic acid esters and their removal from water and sediments by different technologies – A review

“…Flexible PVC is widely used in medical applications (e.g., catheters and bottles) due to its excellent physical properties and low cost (Shin et al, 2002).…”