Plasticity of orientation preference maps in the visual cortex of adult cats

Godde, Ben; Leonhardt, Ralph; Cords, S. M.; Dinse, Hubert R.

doi:10.1073/pnas.082407499

Cited by 63 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The shifts in the receptive fields of neurons in the somatosensory cortex are centripetal in different species of mammals (Buonomano and Merzenich 1998;Rasmusson 2000 for review). The shifts in the orientation selectivity of neurons in the cat visual cortex are also centripetal (Godde et al 2002). Therefore expanded reorganization is widely shared between mammalian sensory systems.…”

Section: Expanded and Compressed Reorganizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral Inhibition for Center-Surround Reorganization of the Frequency Map of Bat Auditory Cortex

Suga

2004

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Ma, Xiaofeng and Nobuo Suga. Lateral inhibition for center-surround reorganization of the frequency map of bat auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 92: 3192-3199, 2004; doi:10.1152/jn.00301.2004. Repetitive acoustic stimulation, auditory fear conditioning, and focal electric stimulation of the auditory cortex (AC) each evoke the reorganization of the central auditory system. Our current study of the big brown bat indicates that focal electric stimulation of the AC evokes center-surround reorganization of the frequency map of the AC. In the center, the neuron's best frequencies (BFs), together with their frequency-tuning curves, shift toward the BFs of electrically stimulated cortical neurons (centripetal BF shifts). In the surround, BFs shift away from the stimulated cortical BF (centrifugal BF shifts). Centripetal BF shifts are much larger than centrifugal BF shifts. An antagonist (bicuculline methiodide) of inhibitory synaptic transmitter receptors changes centrifugal BF shifts into centripetal BF shifts, whereas its agonist (muscimol) changes centripetal BF shifts into centrifugal BF shifts. This reorganization of the AC thus depends on a balance between facilitation and inhibition evoked by focal cortical electric stimulation. Unlike neurons in the AC of the big brown bat, neurons in the Doppler-shifted constant-frequency (DSCF) area of the AC of the mustached bat are highly specialized for fine-frequency analysis and show almost exclusively centrifugal BF shifts for focal electric stimulation of the DSCF area. Our current data indicate that in the highly specialized area, lateral inhibition is strong compared with the less-specialized area and that the specialized and nonspecialized areas both share the same inhibitory mechanism for centrifugal BF shifts.

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Section: Expanded and Compressed Reorganizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral Inhibition for Center-Surround Reorganization of the Frequency Map of Bat Auditory Cortex

Suga

2004

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…To induce plasticity in the somatosensory cortex, we applied intracortical microstimulation in the cortical layer IV. This method has been successfully used in studies of rapid plastic changes inducible within a few hours, in adult motor, somatosensory, and auditory cortex and thalamus, which were fully reversible (Nudo et al, 1990;Recanzone et al, 1992;Spengler and Dinse, 1994;Maldonado and Gerstein, 1996;Dinse et al, 1997;Buonomano and Merzenich, 1998;Ma and Suga, 2001;Sakai and Suga, 2001), and was partially reversible in the visual cortex of the cat (Godde et al, 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitation and Inhibition Jointly Regulate Cortical Reorganization in Adult Rats

Benali¹,

Weiler²,

Benali³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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The primary somatosensory cortex (SI) retains its capability for cortical reorganization after injury or differential use into adulthood. The plastic response of SI cells to peripheral stimulation is characterized by extension of cortical representations accompanied by changes of the receptive field size of neurons. We used intracortical microstimulation that is known to enforce local, intracortical synchronous activity, to induce cortical reorganization and applied immunohistochemical methods in the same individual animals to investigate how plasticity in the cortical topographic maps is linked to changes in the spatial layout of the inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter systems. The results reveal a differential spatiotemporal pattern of upregulation and downregulation of specific factors for an excitatory (glutamatergic) and an inhibitory (GABAergic) system, associated with changes of receptive field size and reorganization of the somatotopic map in the rat SI. Predominantly local mechanisms are the specific reduction of the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin in inhibitory neurons and the low expression of the activity marker c-Fos. Reorganization in the hindpaw representation and in the adjacent SI cortical areas (motor cortex and parietal cortex) is accompanied by a major increase of the excitatory transmitter glutamate and c-Fos. The spatial extent of the reorganization appears to be limited by an increase of glutamic acid decarboxylase and the inhibitory transmitter GABA. The local and medium-range net effects are excitatory and can facilitate receptive field enlargements and cortical map expansion. The longer-range increase of inhibition appears suited to limit these effects and to prevent neurons from pathological hyperexcitability.

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“…The cortico-cortical interaction within a specific cortical area has been studied in the primary auditory cortex [rat (15), big brown bat (3), mongolian gerbil (5)], the primary visual cortex [cat (16,17)], and the primary somatosensory cortex [rat and monkey (18), human (19)]. In all of these cortices and animal species, focal cortical stimulation changes the receptive fields (tuning curves) of neurons surrounding the stimulated neurons toward the receptive fields of the stimulated neurons.…”

Section: Cortico-cortical Interactions In Cortical Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of auditory processing by cortico-cortical feed-forward and feedback projections

Tang

Suga

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The auditory center in the cerebrum, the auditory cortex, consists of multiple interconnected areas. The functional role of these interconnections is poorly understood. The auditory cortex of the mustached bat consists of at least nine areas, including the frequency modulation-frequency modulation (FF) and dorsal fringe (DF) areas. The FF and DF areas consist of neurons tuned to specific echo delays carrying target-distance information. The DF area is hierarchically at a higher level than the FF area. Here, we show that the feedback projection from the DF area to the FF area shifts the delay-tuning of FF neurons toward that of the stimulated DF neurons. In contrast, the feed-forward projection from the FF area to the DF area shifts the delay-tuning of DF neurons away from that of the stimulated FF neurons. The lateral projection within the DF area shifts the delay-tuning of DF neurons toward that of the stimulated DF neurons. In contrast, the lateral projection within the FF area shifts the delay-tuning of FF neurons away from that of the stimulated FF neurons. The delay-tuning shift evoked by the DF stimulation was 2.5 times larger than that evoked by the FF stimulation. Our data indicate that the FF-DF feed-forward and FF-FF lateral projections shape the highly selective neural representation of the tuning of the excited DF neurons, whereas the DF-FF feedback and DF-DF lateral projections enhance the representation of the selected tuning, perhaps, for focal processing of information carried by the excited FF neurons.bat ͉ cortical electric stimulation ͉ delay tuning ͉ hearing ͉ plasticity T he auditory center in the cerebrum, the auditory cortex, consists of multiple, anatomically distinct areas, as do other sensory cortices. Its functional organization beyond tonotopy, however, has hardly been explored, except for the auditory cortex of the mustached bat, Pteronotus parnellii. Tonotopically organized cortical auditory areas are commonly interconnected (1). The cortico-cortical interaction within the primary auditory cortex has been studied (2-6). However, the cortico-cortical interaction between different cortical auditory areas has not yet been studied. The interaction between different cortical areas in a sensory system has thus far been studied only in the cat visual cortex by Galuske et al. (7). They found that inactivation of the visuoparietal cortex decreases the orientation and direction sensitivities of neurons in area 18. That is, they studied the effect of the feedback projection (the projection from a higher to a lower area in a signal processing hierarchy), but not that of the feed-forward projection (the projection from a lower to a higher area).A microchiropteran bat emits orientation sounds (biosonar pulses or, simply, pulses) and listens to their echoes for echolocation. The delay of an echo from the emitted pulse carries target-distance information. In the mustached bat, the biosonar pulse consists of a long constant frequency (CF) and a short frequency-modulated (FM) component, and these com...

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Plasticity of orientation preference maps in the visual cortex of adult cats

Cited by 63 publications

References 52 publications

Lateral Inhibition for Center-Surround Reorganization of the Frequency Map of Bat Auditory Cortex

Lateral Inhibition for Center-Surround Reorganization of the Frequency Map of Bat Auditory Cortex

Excitation and Inhibition Jointly Regulate Cortical Reorganization in Adult Rats

Modulation of auditory processing by cortico-cortical feed-forward and feedback projections

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