Brocket deer in the genus Mazama (Rafinesque, 1817) have a complex evolutionary pattern, and the genus is represented by morphologically similar Neotropical species grouped in 2 main clades: the red brocket group and the gray brocket group [8]. These deer occur from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, including practically the entire Brazilian territory [9]. They are morphologically adapted to forest habitats, although they are also found in different vegetation types throughout their distribution, as such as Cerrado (the Brazilian Savanna), Caatinga (xeric shrubland and thorn forest) and open field formations, as well as capoeiras (secondary-growth forests in initial stages of regeneration) [9]. There are 4 species of Mazama recognized for the Brazilian Atlantic Forest [10]. Mazama americana (Erxleben, 1777) and Mazama gouazoubira (G. Fischer, 1814), which represent respectively the red and gray groups [8], are sympatric