Plasticisers From P.V.C.

Jaeger, Rudolph J.; Rubin, RobertJ.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(70)90261-8

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…DEHP has been measured in blood products (whole blood, plasma, platelet, and packed red cells) at 4±650 mg/L [Jaeger and Rubin, 1970;Gibson et al, 1976;Schneider et al, 1989;Chawl and Hinberg, 1991;Huber et al, 1996] drug-containing solutions (3.1±237 mg/L); and in sterile water, electrolyte, and sugar-based solutions (5 mg/L) [Pearson and Trissel, 1993;Baxter Healthcare, 1995;Mazzo et al, 1997;Trissel, 1998].…”

Section: Medical Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 1970, a series of studies have identi®ed and measured DEHP or its metabolites in human tissue and serum of patients receiving dialysis, blood transfusions, arti®cial ventilation, and exchange transfusions [Jaeger and Rubin 1970;Hillman et al, 1975;Lewis et al, 1978;Kevy and Jacobson, 1982;Ganning et al, 1984;Roth et al, 1988;Sjoberg et al, 1985aSjoberg et al, , 1985b.…”

Section: Medical Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health risks posed by use of Di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in PVC medical devices: A critical review

et al. 2001

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Background Polyvinyl chloride plastics (PVC), made¯exible through the addition of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), are used in the production of a wide array of medical devices. From the late 1960s, leaching of DEHP from PVC medical devices and ultimate tissue deposition have been documented. Methods A critical review of DEHP exposure, metabolism, and toxicity data from human and animals studies was undertaken. A brief analysis of alternatives to DEHP-plasticized PVC for use in medical device manufacture was completed. Results DEHP leaches in varying concentrations into solutions stored in PVC medical devices. Certain populations, including dialysis patients and hemophiliacs may have long-term exposures to clinically important doses of DEHP, while others, such as neonates and the developing fetus, may have exposures at critical points in development. In vivo and in vitro research links DEHP or its metabolites to a range of adverse effects in the liver, reproductive tract, kidneys, lungs, and heart. Developing animals are particularly susceptible to effects on the reproductive system. Some adverse effects in animal studies occur at levels of exposure experienced by patients in certain clinical settings. DEHP appears to pose a relatively low risk of hepatic cancer in humans. However, given lingering uncertainties about the relevance of the mechanism of action of carcinogenic effects in rodents for humans and interindividual variability, the possibility of DEHPrelated carcinogenic responses in humans cannot be ruled out.Conclusions The observed toxicity of DEHP and availability of alternatives to many DEHP-containing PVC medical devices presents a compelling argument for moving assertively, but carefully, to the substitution of other materials for PVC in medical devices. The substitution of other materials for PVC would have an added worker and community health bene®t of reducing population exposures to DEHP, reducing the creation of dioxin from PVC production and disposal, and reducing risks from vinyl chloride monomer exposure.

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Section: Medical Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Medical Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health risks posed by use of Di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in PVC medical devices: A critical review

et al. 2001

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show abstract

Section: Medical Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Medical Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health risks posed by use of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in PVC medical devices: A critical review

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Polyvinyl chloride plastics (PVC), made flexible through the addition of di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), are used in the production of a wide array of medical devices. From the late 1960s, leaching of DEHP from PVC medical devices and ultimate tissue deposition have been documented. Methods A critical review of DEHP exposure, metabolism, and toxicity data from human and animals studies was undertaken. A brief analysis of alternatives to DEHP‐plasticized PVC for use in medical device manufacture was completed. Results DEHP leaches in varying concentrations into solutions stored in PVC medical devices. Certain populations, including dialysis patients and hemophiliacs may have long‐term exposures to clinically important doses of DEHP, while others, such as neonates and the developing fetus, may have exposures at critical points in development. In vivo and in vitro research links DEHP or its metabolites to a range of adverse effects in the liver, reproductive tract, kidneys, lungs, and heart. Developing animals are particularly susceptible to effects on the reproductive system. Some adverse effects in animal studies occur at levels of exposure experienced by patients in certain clinical settings. DEHP appears to pose a relatively low risk of hepatic cancer in humans. However, given lingering uncertainties about the relevance of the mechanism of action of carcinogenic effects in rodents for humans and interindividual variability, the possibility of DEHP‐related carcinogenic responses in humans cannot be ruled out. Conclusions The observed toxicity of DEHP and availability of alternatives to many DEHP‐containing PVC medical devices presents a compelling argument for moving assertively, but carefully, to the substitution of other materials for PVC in medical devices. The substitution of other materials for PVC would have an added worker and community health benefit of reducing population exposures to DEHP, reducing the creation of dioxin from PVC production and disposal, and reducing risks from vinyl chloride monomer exposure. Am. J. Ind. Med. 39:100–111, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…In 1967, Guess first reported that DEHP leached from the plastic into plasma [4]. Later, Jaeger and Rubin reported that DEHP was present at levels of 50-70 mg/l [5]. These observations led to an enormous amount of research into the physiochemical and toxicological behaviour of DEHP (see below).…”

Section: Pvc-dehp and Red Blood Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DEHP plasticizer and blood bags: challenges ahead

Lozano

Cid

2013

ISBT Science Series

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The invention of the plastic container represented a major advance in haemotherapy that opened the door to blood component preparation and transfusion. Later, it was found that the plasticizer di-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate (DEHP) used in combination with polyvinylchloride (PVC), leached to the blood component contained in the plastic bag and that in the case of the red blood cells, stabilized the membrane allowing the extension of storage up to 49 days, depending on the additive solution used. This extraction of the plasticizer to the components provokes that not only the recipients of transfusions are exposed to significant levels of DEHP but also plasma and platelet apheresis donors are exposed. Although clear-cut human toxicity has not been identified, for some the precautionary principle should be evoked and in front of the current available data, particularly in neonates and children, only DEHP-free disposable should be used in bags containing blood components for transfusion. For platelets this has already been accomplished for most of the containers and for plasma it should not be a problem to attain it. However, for the most often transfused blood component, red blood cells concentrates, continues to be an unresolved challenge, although in recent years some new plasticizers appear to be promising safer alternatives.

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Plasticisers From P.V.C.

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Health risks posed by use of Di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in PVC medical devices: A critical review

Health risks posed by use of Di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in PVC medical devices: A critical review

Health risks posed by use of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in PVC medical devices: A critical review

DEHP plasticizer and blood bags: challenges ahead

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