Plastic recycling in additive manufacturing: A systematic literature review and opportunities for the circular economy

Sanchez, Fabio A. Cruz; Boudaoud, Hakim; Camargo, Mauricio; Pearce, Joshua M.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121602

Cited by 261 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…The cost of the 3-D printed components was $9.10 (or about 6% of the total); this cost could be further reduced to about 1% of the total by using several paths of distributed recycling and additive manufacturing (DRAM) [124] , [125] , [126] , [127] , [128] , by either using a recyclebot to make filament [129] , [130] or direct fused particle fabrication (FPF) or fused granular fabrication (FGF) [131] , [132] , [133] . Future work is needed to assess the cost savings for DRAM as well as using these open source designs with other brands of base components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of self-contained breathing apparatus mask to open source powered air-purifying particulate respirator for fire fighter COVID-19 response

Hubbard¹,

Pearce²

2020

HardwareX

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of self-contained breathing apparatus mask to open source powered air-purifying particulate respirator for fire fighter COVID-19 response

Hubbard¹,

Pearce²

2020

HardwareX

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“…This grinding device was able to successfully manufacture custom extrusion screws, which radically reduce the cost of one of the core components of desktop-sized open-source FPF 3D printers [85]. This ability will provide the maker community with access to low-cost screws, thereby benefiting the circular economy based on distributed recycling and additive manufacturing [43][44][45][46], regardless of whether it is home-based manufacturing or a more centralized form of distributed manufacturing (e.g., community based) [103].…”

Section: Machine Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open-Source Grinding Machine for Compression Screw Manufacturing

Franz

Pearce

2020

Inventions

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Some of the most promising distributed recycling and additive manufacturing (DRAM) technical systems use fused particle fabrication (FPF) or fused granular fabrication (FGF), where compression screws force post-consumer waste plastic through a heated nozzle for direct 3D printing. To assist the technical evolution of these systems, this study provided the details of an invention for a low-cost, easily replicable open-source grinding machine for compression screw manufacturing. The system itself can be largely fabricated using FPF/FGF following the self-replicating rapid prototyper (RepRap) methodology. This grinding machine can be made from a cordless cut-off grinder and < $155 in parts. The new invention is demonstrated to be able to cut custom screws with variable (i) channel depths, (ii) screw diameters, (iii) screw lengths, (iv) pitches, (v) abrasive disk thicknesses, (vi) handedness of the screws, (vii) and materials (three types of steel tested: 1045 steel, 1144 steel, and 416 stainless steel). The results show that the device is more than capable of replicating commercial screws as well as providing makers with a much greater flexibility to make custom screws. This invention enables the DRAM toolchain to become even more self-sufficient, which assists the goals of the circular economy.

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“…The cost of the 3-D printed components was $9.10 (or about 6% of the total); this cost could be further reduced to about 1% of the total by using several paths of distributed recycling and additive manufacturing (DRAM) [129][130][131][132][133], by either using a recyclebot to make filament [134,135] or direct fused particle fabrication (FPF) or fused granular fabrication (FGF) [136][137][138]. Future work is needed to assess the cost savings for DRAM as well as using these open source designs with other brands of base components.…”

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus Mask to Open Source Powered Air-Purifying Particulate Respirator for Fire Fighter COVID-19 Response

Hubbard

Pearce

2020

Preprint

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To assist firefighters and other first responders to use their existing equipment for respiration during the COVID-19 pandemic without using single-use, low-supply, masks, this study outlines an open source kit to convert a 3M-manufactured Scott Safety self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) into a powered air-purifying particulate respirator (PAPR). The open source PAPR can be fabricated with a low-cost 3-D printer and widely available components for less than $150, replacing commercial conversion kits saving 85% or full-fledged proprietary PAPRs saving over 90%. The parametric designs allow for adaptation to other core components and can be custom fit specifically to fire-fighter equipment, including their suspenders. The open source PAPR has controllable air flow and its design enables breathing even if the fan is disconnected or if the battery dies. The open source PAPR was tested for air flow as a function of battery life and was found to meet NIOSH air flow requirements for 4 hours, which is 300% over expected regular use.

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Plastic recycling in additive manufacturing: A systematic literature review and opportunities for the circular economy

Cited by 261 publications

References 185 publications

Conversion of self-contained breathing apparatus mask to open source powered air-purifying particulate respirator for fire fighter COVID-19 response

Conversion of self-contained breathing apparatus mask to open source powered air-purifying particulate respirator for fire fighter COVID-19 response

Open-Source Grinding Machine for Compression Screw Manufacturing

Conversion of Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus Mask to Open Source Powered Air-Purifying Particulate Respirator for Fire Fighter COVID-19 Response

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