Plastic modulation of PTSD resting‐state networks and subjective wellbeing by EEG neurofeedback

Abstract

Objective Electroencephalographic (EEG) neurofeedback training has been shown to produce plastic modulations in salience network and default mode network functional connectivity in healthy individuals. In this study, we investigated whether a single session of neurofeedback training aimed at the voluntary reduction of alpha rhythm (8–12 Hz) amplitude would be related to differences in EEG network oscillations, functional MRI (fMRI) connectivity, and subjective measures of state anxiety and arousal in a group of individuals with PTSD. Method 21 individuals with PTSD related to childhood abuse underwent 30 minutes of EEG neurofeedback training preceded and followed by a resting-state fMRI scan. Results Alpha desynchronizing neurofeedback was associated with decreased alpha amplitude during training, followed by a significant increase (‘rebound’) in resting-state alpha synchronization. This rebound was linked to increased calmness, greater salience network connectivity with the right insula, and enhanced default mode network connectivity with bilateral posterior cingulate, right middle frontal gyrus, and left medial prefrontal cortex. Conclusion Our study represents a first step in elucidating the potential neurobehavioral mechanisms mediating the effects of neurofeedback treatment on regulatory systems in PTSD. Moreover, it documents for the first time a spontaneous EEG ‘rebound’ after neurofeedback, pointing to homeostatic/compensatory mechanisms operating in the brain.

Reduced prefrontal MEG alpha-band power in mild traumatic brain injury with associated posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms

“…Our observations also provide support for future longitudinal research studies looking at the effect of therapeutic interventions that modify prefrontal alpha-band power in patients with PTSD associated with mTBI. Notably, a recent study using neurofeedback that resulted in the enhancement of resting-state alpha activity was associated with a significant improvement in PTSD symptoms (Kluetsch et al, 2014). Similarly, a recent study utilizing alpha frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation improved clinical symptoms of PTSD (Taghva et al, Table 3.…”

Mechanisms of Neurofeedback: A Computation-theoretic Approach

“…Current theorising on the mechanisms underlying neurofeedback takes a high level view (Niv, 2013;Ros et al, 2014) in that neurofeedback promotes synaptic modifications, leading to strengthening of neural circuitry. These modifications alter the dynamics of brain networks (Ros et al, 2013;Kluetsch et al, 2014) such as the default mode network which is then assumed to be associated with changes in cognitive performance and therapeutic benefit. However, these explanations do not address the detailed neural mechanism underlying neurofeedback learning, but there are some notable exceptions that largely overlap with the aforementioned theoretical view.…”

Brain volumetry and self-regulation of brain activity relevant for neurofeedback

“…(e.g. Angelakis et al, 2007;Coben & Padolsky, 2007;Gevensleben et al, 2009;Kluetsch et al, 2014;Lévesque, Beauregard, & Mensour, 2006;Niv, 2013). NFB also is useful in the field of peak/optimal performance domain, since healthy persons also can benefit from the ability to control their own brain activity (Gruzelier, 2013(Gruzelier, , 2014.…”