Plasmonic Sensing Studies of a Gas-Phase Cystic Fibrosis Marker in Moisture Laden Air

Abstract

A plasmonic sensing platform was developed as a noninvasive method to monitor gas-phase biomarkers related to cystic fibrosis (CF). The nanohole array (NHA) sensing platform is based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and offers a rapid data acquisition capability. Among the numerous gas-phase biomarkers that can be used to assess the lung health of CF patients, acetaldehyde was selected for this investigation. Previous research with diverse types of sensing platforms, with materials ranging from metal oxides to 2-D materials, detected gas-phase acetaldehyde with the lowest detection limit at the µmol/mol (parts-per-million (ppm)) level. In contrast, this work presents a plasmonic sensing platform that can approach the nmol/mol (parts-per-billion (ppb)) level, which covers the required concentration range needed to monitor the status of lung infection and find pulmonary exacerbations. During the experimental measurements made by a spectrometer and by a smartphone, the sensing examination was initially performed in a dry air background and then with high relative humidity (RH) as an interferent, which is relevant to exhaled breath. At a room temperature of 23.1 °C, the lowest detection limit for the investigated plasmonic sensing platform under dry air and 72% RH conditions are 250 nmol/mol (ppb) and 1000 nmol/mol (ppb), respectively.

Deep Learning Image Analysis of Nanoplasmonic Sensors: Toward Medical Breath Monitoring

“…In this work, we also exploited another sensing approach based on the measurement and analysis of the color change of the plasmonic surface. Similar to the frequency shift characteristic, the surface color change is also due to the change of local refractive index and shift of resonant frequency when analytes are attached to the plasmonic surface , (as illustrated in Figure b,c). A low-cost, small-size camera module can be used to acquire images of the plasmonic sensor surface as an alternative to spectrometer-based measurements.…”

“…Nanoplasmonics is a research area of growing importance that has increasingly contributed to enabling capabilities for developing cost-effective biomedical diagnostics. Much of the success has been in solution-phase detection, where lock-and-key binding creates readily detectable changes in interfacial optical properties. − Gas-phase plasmonic studies are much less common. − However, the advantages of plasmonic devices ,− ,− such as rapid response speed, high sensitivity, miniature size, and the capability for remote measurement by using an optical spectrometer/camera/photodetector outside the sampling chamber offer enormous possibilities for a broader range of gas-phase applications, one of which is the expanding need for noninvasive medical breath analysis and monitoring. ,− …”

Development of Liquid-Phase Plasmonic Sensor Platforms for Prospective Biomedical Applications

“…NHA devices were fabricated by depositing a 100 nm Si 3 N 4 onto a 500 µm silicon substrate using low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), electron-beam lithography (EBL) patterning, and reactive ion etching (RIE). A membrane window on the backside was patterned using a mask aligner and RIE [ 18 ], as depicted in Figure 1 . Five-nanometer Ti and seventy-five-nanometer Au films were deposited onto the surface using an electron-beam evaporator.…”

Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering and Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection of Aldehydes Using 4-ATP Functionalized Ag Nanorods

“…Among some of the recent work, acetaldehyde has been detected using luminescence properties of europium(III) [37] and also with a cataluminescence sensor based on NiO nanoparticles [38]. Plasmonic sensing was also performed for acetaldehyde detection [39]. Benzaldehyde has been mostly detected using a metal-organic framework [7,40,41].…”