Plasmonic photothermal therapy in the near-IR region using gold nanostars

Abstract

Photothermal therapy using nanoparticles is a prominent technique for cancer treatment. The principle is to maximize the heat conversion efficiency using plasmonic nanoparticle–light interaction. Due to their unique optical characteristics derived from their anisotropic structure, gold nanostars (GNSs) have gotten significant attention in photothermal therapy. To design a proper cancer treatment, it is vital to study the thermal effect induced close to the gold nanoparticles, in the vicinity, and the cancerous tissue. A temperature-dependent 2D model based on finite element method models is commonly used to simulate near-IR tumor ablation. The bioheat equation describes the photothermal effect within the GNSs and the environment. Surface cooling and heating strategies, such as the periodical heating method and a reduced laser irradiation area, were investigated to address surface overheating problems. We also determined that the optimal laser radius depends on tumor aspect ratio and laser intensity. Our results provide guidelines to evaluate a safe and feasible temperature range, treatment time, optimal laser intensity, and laser radius to annihilate a tumor volume.

A review of recent advances in the use of complex metal nanostructures for biomedical applications from diagnosis to treatment

“…This makes them extremely valuable in applications such as photoacoustic imaging photoacoustic imaging (Y. Chen, Xu, et al, 2021;Liang et al, 2015;Raghavan et al, 2017;Tian et al, 2017), photothermal therapy (Ahijado-Guzman et al, 2020;Etemadi et al, 2023;Y. Pan, Zhou, et al, 2022), and SERS (Bhamidipati et al, 2018;Mahmoud et al, 2020;Zhu et al, 2018).…”

“…In particular, gold nanostars are renowned for their robust plasmonic properties. This makes them extremely valuable in applications such as photoacoustic imaging photoacoustic imaging (Y. Chen, Xu, et al, 2021; Z. Li, Yang, et al, 2020; Liang et al, 2015; Raghavan et al, 2017; Tian et al, 2017), photothermal therapy (Ahijado‐Guzman et al, 2020; Etemadi et al, 2023; Y. Pan, Zhou, et al, 2022), and SERS (Bhamidipati et al, 2018; Mahmoud et al, 2020; Zhu et al, 2018). Silver nanostars also exhibit catalytic and plasmonic behavior, which makes them suitable for sensing, imaging, and antibacterial activities (Atta & Vo‐Dinh, 2023; Bessa et al, 2020; Guo et al, 2016; Sholkamy et al, 2019; W. Zhang, Liu, et al, 2018).…”

Rapid measurement of epidermal thickness with a 1.6 MHz FDML OCT system

“…To optimize the detected DEJ, a one-dimensional median filter of 25 pixels was applied (Figure4(c)) to the detected DEJ in Figure4(b).After finding the skin surface and DEJ, the epidermal thickness can then be estimated by counting the pixels vertically between the surface and DEJ as marked by the yellow arrows in Figure4 (d). One pixel in an A-scan corresponds to ~8.65 µm in air and ~6.18 µm in tissue, assuming the refractive index of skin tissue n = 1.4[6].…”