Plasmonic-photonic crystal coupled nanolaser

Abstract

We propose and demonstrate a hybrid photonic-plasmonic nanolaser that combines the light harvesting features of a dielectric photonic crystal cavity with the extraordinary confining properties of an optical nano-antenna. For this purpose, we developed a novel fabrication method based on multi-step electron-beam lithography. We show that it enables the robust and reproducible production of hybrid structures, using a fully top-down approach to accurately position the antenna. Coherent coupling of the photonic and plasmonic modes is highlighted and opens up a broad range of new hybrid nanophotonic devices.

Advances in optoplasmonic sensors – combining optical nano/microcavities and photonic crystals with plasmonic nanostructures and nanoparticles

“…Sophisticated slotted waveguides [141,[151][152][153] as well as nanobeam cavities [140,146,150,[154][155][156][157][158][159][160] have also been implemented for analyte-specific stoichiometric studies and biomolecule micromanipulation. Extreme, sub-attomolar detection of a streptavidin protein was reported for nanoslot PhC nanolasers [139,[161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168], while novel PhC nanocavities combined with plasmonic nanostructures have emerged as hybrid photonic-plasmonic biosensors [169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179]. Unusually sensitive biodetection down to the single-molecule level with nanostructured materials comprising selfassembled silver nanoparticles on PhC diatom biosilica [180,181] and a gold antenna-in-a-nanocavity [182] substantiates the fast and steady advancement of hybrid photonic-plasmonic instrumentation utilising PhCs.…”

“…Computational analysis pinpointed parameters/dimensions for an ultrahigh Q/V ratio and hence conditions conducive for trapping and micromanipulation. The experimental realisation of a hybrid nanolaser that uses the coupling between a LSPR of a bowtie and photonic mode of an active PhC with a L7 microcavity is visible in Figure 30C-H [179]. The fabrication approach is also flexible in terms of variability of scale and morphology as is demanded by the constraints imposed by the analyte.…”

“…Here, the (G) normalised lasing spectra and (H) peak versus optical pump power are plotted. Adapted from [179]. Figure 34D and E as well as normal dsDNA and XPA in Figure 34F and G [182].…”

Localized Plasmonic Resonances of Prolate Nanoparticles in a Symmetric Environment: Experimental Verification of the Accuracy of Numerical and Analytical Models

“…One of their interesting features is their ability to focus light at the nanometer scale, leading to strong local fields (called hot spots) near the metal surfaces [4,5]. The fact that the energy of LSPRs can be tuned through variation of the shape, the size, the composition, or the environment of the metal NPs [3,6,7] has opened the way to applications within the domains of biosensing [8], Raman spectroscopies [9,10], solar cells [11], near-field imaging [12], enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy [9], and nanolasers [13]. In addition, plasmonic excitations often play an important part in optical metamaterials [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] (i.e., artificially structured materials with a unit structure considerably smaller than the wavelength of visible light [34]), like those in negative optical index materials [14,15], materials for superresolution applications [17][18][19][20], and electromagnetic cloaks [21].…”

Investigating the use of a hybrid plasmonic–photonic nanoresonator for optical trapping using finite-difference time-domain method

“…Hybrid plasmonic-photonic devices were reported in 2014 for lasing (Zhang et al 2014) and light matter coupling (Michael et al 2010). In 2014, ODell et al reported a technique for assembling photonic-plasmonic nanotweezers by optically guiding multiwalled carbon nanotubes to attach them onto a silicon waveguide (ODell et al 2014).…”