Plasmonic Fluorescence Sensors in Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Abstract

The increasing demand for rapid, cost-effective, and reliable diagnostic tools in personalized and point-of-care medicine is driving scientists to enhance existing technology platforms and develop new methods for detecting and measuring clinically significant biomarkers. Humanity is confronted with growing risks from emerging and recurring infectious diseases, including the influenza virus, dengue virus (DENV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola virus, tuberculosis, cholera, and, most notably, SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19), among others. Timely diagnosis of infections and effective disease control have always been of paramount importance. Plasmonic-based biosensing holds the potential to address the threat posed by infectious diseases by enabling prompt disease monitoring. In recent years, numerous plasmonic platforms have risen to the challenge of offering on-site strategies to complement traditional diagnostic methods like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Disease detection can be accomplished through the utilization of diverse plasmonic phenomena, such as propagating surface plasmon resonance (SPR), localized SPR (LSPR), surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), surface-enhanced fluorescence (SEF), surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy, and plasmonic fluorescence sensors. This review focuses on diagnostic methods employing plasmonic fluorescence sensors, highlighting their pivotal role in swift disease detection with remarkable sensitivity. It underscores the necessity for continued research to expand the scope and capabilities of plasmonic fluorescence sensors in the field of diagnostics.

Optimizing Machine Learning Models for Urinary Tract Infection Diagnostics: A Comparative Study of Logistic Regression and Random Forest

“…Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections, afflicting individuals across all age brackets and contributing significantly to the global healthcare burden [1], [2], [3]. The complexity of UTI diagnosis, influenced by a broad spectrum of symptoms and causative pathogens, underscores the need for more precise, efficient, and rapid diagnostic methods [4], [5], [6]. While traditional diagnostic techniques rely on microbial cultures and urinalysis, these methods often suffer from delays and variable sensitivity, which can hinder timely and accurate treatment [7], [8], [9].…”