Plasmodium falciparum Uses gC1qR/HABP1/p32 as a Receptor to Bind to Vascular Endothelium and for Platelet-Mediated Clumping

Biswas, Anup; Hafiz, Abdul; Banerjee, Bhaswati; Kim, Kwang Sik; Datta, Kasturi; Chitnis, Chetan E.

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0030130

Cited by 75 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…(1) Platelets are activated by unknown molecules released from IEs through the metabotrophic puronergic receptor P2Y1. It is unclear whether activation requires prior binding and tethering of IEs via platelet-expressed CD36 and gC1qR (also known as HABP1/p32) [7,8]. The potential roles of other platelet receptors in tethering and triggering are unclear, as are the identities of the parasite ligands interacting with them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] and gC1qR/HABP1/p32 [8]. Whether these are the only platelet receptors involved is debatable and worth exploring.…”

Section: A Cornucopia Of Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equally weighty issues concern the affinity and avidity of such interactions and whether binding occurs in the presence or absence of the native ligands for these receptors. This is particularly interesting for gC1qR/HABP1/p32 that binds the globular head domains of C1q and hyaluronic acid [8,14]. Do these host ligands share overlapping binding sites on gC1qR/HABP1/p32 with the parasite molecules expressed on the infected erythrocytes?…”

Section: A Cornucopia Of Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Platelet-mediated clumping is common in P. falciparum field isolates, is distinctive from other adhesive phenotypes and involves the host receptors CD36 [7] and gC1qR/HABP1/p32 [8]. Whether these are the only platelet receptors involved is debatable and worth exploring.…”

Section: A Cornucopia Of Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Platelet power: sticky problems for sticky parasites?

Pleass

2009

Trends in Parasitology

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Platelets might have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of both human and rodent malarias by assisting in the sequestration of infected erythrocytes within the cerebral vasculature. However, recent elegant work by McMorran et al. suggests that they are also involved in innate protection during the early stages of infection. Here, we discuss the implications of their important findings in the context of immunity to malaria. Platelet: friend or foe?The platelet, traditionally known for its role in blood clotting, is also known for its putative involvement in malaria pathology [1,2]. However, a recent study using C57BL6 mice genetically deficient in the megakaryocyte growth and differentiation factor C-mpl (encoded by the Mpl gene), and resulting in mice with 90% fewer platelets, showed that these animals were significantly more susceptible to death when infected with Plasmodium chabaudi [3]. Furthermore, the authors went on to show that purified human platelets killed Plasmodium falciparum parasites within red blood cells when added to in vitro cultures and that various platelet antagonists, including aspirin, reversed this antiparasitic activity both in vitro and in vivo. This result raises concerns over the use of aspirin as an antipyretic in patients with malaria. Using specific receptor antagonists, the authors demonstrated that killing and control of parasite growth in P. falciparum cultures was dependent on platelet activation via P2Y1, an ADP-dependent metabotrophic puronergic receptor (Figure 1).These results in animals seem counterintuitive, in that platelets are believed to be involved in pathological disease states that hasten death, such as cerebral malaria [1,2]. For example, mice with significantly compromised platelet function (CXCL4 or CXCR3 deficient) have been shown to survive longer than their wild-type counterparts [4]. By contrast, platelet depletion by anti-CD41 monoclonal antibody injection early, but not late, in the course of disease is known to protect C57BL6 mice from Plasmodium berghei ANKA-induced severe experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) by altering levels of pathogenic cytokines [5]. Unfortunately, the study by McMorran et al. used P. chabaudi, a rodent malaria thatalthough capable of sequestering to a number of organs -is not known to develop ECM. It should also be noted that non-sequestering Plasmodium species also give rise to ECM in some inbred mouse strains, Plasmodium yoelii 17XL in BALB/c mice being a good example Europe PMC Funders Group A cornucopia of receptorsThe first of these questions is easier to explain for P. falciparum than for Plasmodium vivax or the murine malarias. Platelet-mediated clumping is common in P. falciparum field isolates, is distinctive from other adhesive phenotypes and involves the host receptors CD36[7] and gC1qR/HABP1/p32 [8]. Whether these are the only platelet receptors involved is debatable and worth exploring. Although GPIIb/IIIa (CD41/CD61) and GPIb/IX (CD42a/ CD42b)-deficient platelets still clump to infected erythrocytes [7], the...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] and gC1qR/HABP1/p32 [8]. Whether these are the only platelet receptors involved is debatable and worth exploring.…”

Section: A Cornucopia Of Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Cornucopia Of Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Cornucopia Of Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Platelet power: sticky problems for sticky parasites?

Pleass

2009

Trends in Parasitology

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“…Otro receptor involucrado en este fenómeno es la molécula gC1qR/HABP1/p32, que también se expresa en el endotelio y es mediadora de adhesión en estas células (50).…”

Section: Formación De Rosetas Y Otros Agregadosunclassified

Pathogenic mechanisms in Plasmodium falciparum malaria

Vásquez

Tobón

2012

biomedica

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Se presentan los mecanismos patogénicos más conocidos en la infección por Plasmodium falciparum durante la fase eritrocitaria y extraeritrocitaria. La obstrucción vascular, explicada por los fenómenos de secuestro de glóbulos rojos parasitados y la formación de rosetas, mediados por diversos ligandos y receptores endoteliales, además de los procesos inflamatorios instaurados ante la presencia del parásito, son aspectos centrales en la patogenia de la malaria que permiten explicar los procesos de disfunción, daño y muerte celular en diferentes órganos. A partir de eventos como la lesión y la destrucción de eritrocitos, hepatocitos y células endoteliales, la pérdida de integridad del endotelio y la activación de promotores de daño celular y de apoptosis, se explican alteraciones como el aumento de la permeabilidad vascular, la hipoxia y el metabolismo anaerobio, que conducen tanto a lesiones localizadas en órganos como cerebro y pulmón, como a un estado de acidosis generalizada y falla multisistémica.Palabras clave: malaria/etiología, Plasmodium falciparum, inflamación. Pathogenic mechanisms in Plasmodium falciparum malariaThe most recognized pathogenic mechanisms of the infection with Plasmodium falciparum, during both the erythrocytic and exo-erithrocytic stages are presented. Vascular obstruction explained by the sequestration of parasitized red blood cells and erythrocyte rosetting, mediated by different endothelial ligands and receptors, in addition to the inflammatory processes induced by the presence of the parasite, are central aspects in the pathogenesis of malaria that explain the processes of damage, dysfunction and cell death in various organs. Alterations such as increased vascular permeability, hypoxia and anaerobic metabolism leading to localized lesions in organs such as brain and lung, as well as to a generalized acidotic state with multisystem failure can be explained by events such as the injury and destruction of erythrocytes, hepatocytes and endothelial cells, the loss of endothelial integrity, and the activation of cell damage and apoptosis promoters.Key words: Malaria/ethiology, Plasmodium falciparum, inflamation.Los signos y síntomas clínicos en la malaria, o paludismo, expresión del daño ocasionado en diversos órganos y sistemas, se exacerban durante el período de multiplicación del parásito en el eritrocito, mientras que el estadio hepático y la presencia de gametocitos tradicionalmente no se han asociado con la sintomatología. La malaria causa lesiones estructurales y alteraciones funcionales y metabólicas, cuya presentación clínica está en función de la edad, el estado inmunitario y las características genéticas del huésped, y por la especie, el genotipo y la virulencia del parásito. Puede conducir a un cuadro clínico grave el cual casi siempre se observa en las infecciones causadas por Plasmodium falciparum. Las complicaciones informadas con mayor frecuencia incluyen anemia grave, malaria cerebral, síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda y falla renal (1); en los últimos años se vien...

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