Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 block 2 gene polymorphism in field isolates along the slope of mount Cameroon: a cross – sectional study

Apinjoh, Tobias O.; Tata, Rolland Bantar; Anchang-Kimbi, Judith Kuoh; Hanesh, F.; Fon, Eleanor M.; Mugri, Regina N.; Tangoh, Delphine A.; Nyingchu, Robert V.; Ghogomu, Stephen Mbigha; Nkuo‐Akenji, Theresa; Achidi, Eric A.

doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1066-x

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…In 51 of these fewer than 10 reads containing the MR identifier sequence were detected and these alignments were checked by eye to confirm the presence of reads containing the MR specific sequence. The relative frequencies of MR recombinant alleles at African sites (between 2 and 10%) is similar to that seen in the small number of previous studies that tested for the MR type [ 3 , 5 , 48 ]. In contrast, only one Asian isolate had an MR recombinant allele detected, in Bangladesh.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

An expanded global inventory of allelic variation in the most extremely polymorphic region of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 provided by short read sequence data

Aspeling-Jones¹,

Conway²

2018

Malar J

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BackgroundWithin Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1), the N-terminal block 2 region is a highly polymorphic target of naturally acquired antibody responses. The antigenic diversity is determined by complex repeat sequences as well as non-repeat sequences, grouping into three major allelic types that appear to be maintained within populations by natural selection. Within these major types, many distinct allelic sequences have been described in different studies, but the extent and significance of the diversity remains unresolved.MethodsTo survey the diversity more extensively, block 2 allelic sequences in the msp1 gene were characterized in 2400 P. falciparum infection isolates with whole genome short read sequence data available from the Pf3K project, and compared with the data from previous studies.ResultsMapping the short read sequence data in the 2400 isolates to a reference library of msp1 block 2 allelic sequences yielded 3815 allele scores at the level of major allelic family types, with 46% of isolates containing two or more of these major types. Overall frequencies were similar to those previously reported in other samples with different methods, the K1-like allelic type being most common in Africa, MAD20-like most common in Southeast Asia, and RO33-like being the third most abundant type in each continent. The rare MR type, formed by recombination between MAD20-like and RO33-like alleles, was only seen in Africa and very rarely in the Indian subcontinent but not in Southeast Asia. A combination of mapped short read assembly approaches enabled 1522 complete msp1 block 2 sequences to be determined, among which there were 363 different allele sequences, of which 246 have not been described previously. In these data, the K1-like msp1 block 2 alleles are most diverse and encode 225 distinct amino acid sequences, compared with 123 different MAD20-like, 9 RO33-like and 6 MR type sequences. Within each of the major types, the different allelic sequences show highly skewed geographical distributions, with most of the more common sequences being detected in either Africa or Asia, but not in both.ConclusionsAllelic sequences of this extremely polymorphic locus have been derived from whole genome short read sequence data by mapping to a reference library followed by assembly of mapped reads. The catalogue of sequence variation has been greatly expanded, so that there are now more than 500 different msp1 block 2 allelic sequences described. This provides an extensive reference for molecular epidemiological genotyping and sequencing studies, and potentially for design of a multi-allelic vaccine.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-018-2475-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

An expanded global inventory of allelic variation in the most extremely polymorphic region of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 provided by short read sequence data

Aspeling-Jones¹,

Conway²

2018

Malar J

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“…In molecular epidemiological studies of malaria, this approach is used to investigate the genetic diversity of infections with consideration of various factors, including transmission intensity and host immunity [ 1 ]. The most widely used techniques for genotyping malaria infections are based on amplification by PCR of the polymorphic genes encoding the merozoite surface proteins 1 (MSP-1) and 2 (MSP-2) [ 2 , 4 , 5 ]. MSP1 and MSP2 are two major surface proteins of merozoites during the erythrocytic stage [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MSP1 and MSP2 are two major surface proteins of merozoites during the erythrocytic stage [ 6 , 7 ]. MSP1 is a 190 kDa surface protein encoded by the msp1 gene located on chromosome 9 and contains 17 blocks of sequences flanked by conserved regions [ 5 , 6 ]. This protein is a major target of immune responses and is considered a noteworthy candidate for the development of erythrocytic phase malaria vaccines [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and allele frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum msp1 and msp2 in parasite isolates from Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea

Chen

Zha

et al. 2018

Malar J

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BackgroundMalaria is still a serious public health problem on Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea), although the number of annual cases has been greatly reduced since 2004 through the Bioko Island Malaria Control Project (BIMCP). A better understanding of malaria parasite population diversity and transmission dynamics is critical for assessing the effectiveness of malaria control measures. The objective of this study is to investigate the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum populations and multiplicity of infection (MOI) on Bioko Island 7 years after BIMCP.MethodsA total of 181 patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria diagnosed with microscopy were collected from Bioko Island from January 2011 to December 2014. Parasite DNA was extracted using chelex-100 and species were identified using a real-time PCR followed by high-resolution melting. Plasmodium falciparum msp1 and msp2 allelic families were determined using nested PCR.ResultsThree msp1 alleles (K1, MAD20, and RO33) and two msp2 alleles (FC27 and 3D7) were analysed in all samples. In msp1, the MAD20 allelic family was predominant with 96.69% (175/178) followed respectively by the K1 allelic family with 96.07% (171/178) and R033 allelic family with 70.78% (126/178). In msp2, the FC27 allelic family was the most frequently detected with 97.69% (169/173) compared to 3D7 with 72.25% (125/173). Twenty-six different alleles were observed in msp1 with 9 alleles for K1, 9 alleles for MAD20 and 8 alleles for R033. In msp2, 25 individual alleles were detected with 5 alleles for FC27 and 20 alleles for 3D7. The overall MOI was 5.51 with respectively 3.5 and 2.01 for msp1 and msp2. A significant increase in overall MOI was correlated with the age group of the patients (P = 0.026) or parasite densities (P = 0.04).ConclusionsThe present data showed high genetic diversity and MOI values among the P. falciparum population in the study, reflecting both the high endemic level and malaria transmission on Bioko Island. These data provide valuable information for surveillance of P. falciparum infection and for assessing the appropriateness of the current malarial control strategies in the endemic area.

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“…The characterization of genetic diversity of P. falciparum through different areas with various endemicities within a country has been extensively looked into in different parts of the world 8,9,13,16,20,21 . However, a few studies about this topic have been performed in Senegal by Ahouidi et al 22 and Konaté et al 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic polymorphism of Merozoite Surface Protein 1 (msp1) and 2 (msp2) genes and multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection across various endemic areas in Senegal

Ndiaye¹,

Sy²,

Gaye³

et al. 2019

Afr H. Sci.

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Introduction: Despite a significant decline in Senegal, malaria remains a burden in various parts of the country. Assessment of multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection and genetic diversity of parasites population could help in monitoring of malaria control.Objective: To assess genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection in P. falciparum isolates from three areas in Senegal with different malaria transmissions. Methods: 136 blood samples were collected from patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Pikine, Kedougou and Thies. Polymorphic loci of msp1 and 2 (Merozoite surface protein-1 and 2) genes were amplified by nested PCR.Results: For msp1gene, K1 allelic family was predominant with frequency of 71%. Concerning msp2 gene, IC3D7 allelic family was the most represented with frequency of 83%. Multiclonal isolates found were 36% and 31% for msp1et msp2 genes respectively. The MOI found in all areas was 2.56 and was statistically different between areas (P=0.024). Low to intermediate genetic diversity were found with heterozygosity range (He=0,394-0,637) and low genetic differentiation (Fst msp1= 0.011; Fst msp2= 0.017) were observed between P. falciparum population within the country.Conclusion: Low to moderate genetic diversity of P.falciparum strains and MOI disparities were found in Senegal.Keywords: Senegal, MOI, Genetic diversity, msp1, msp2.

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Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 block 2 gene polymorphism in field isolates along the slope of mount Cameroon: a cross – sectional study

Cited by 32 publications

References 36 publications

An expanded global inventory of allelic variation in the most extremely polymorphic region of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 provided by short read sequence data

An expanded global inventory of allelic variation in the most extremely polymorphic region of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 provided by short read sequence data

Genetic diversity and allele frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum msp1 and msp2 in parasite isolates from Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea

Genetic polymorphism of Merozoite Surface Protein 1 (msp1) and 2 (msp2) genes and multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection across various endemic areas in Senegal

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