Plasmatic Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products as a New Oxidative Stress Biomarker in Patients with Prosthetic-Joint-Associated Infections?

Abstract

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the most common cause of failure of total joint arthroplasty, but a gold standard for PJI diagnosis is still lacking. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are proinflammatory molecules inducing intracellular oxidative stress (OS) after binding to their cell membrane receptors (RAGE). The aim of this study was to evaluate plasmatic soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), as a new OS and infection marker correlating sRAGE to the level of OS and antioxidant defenses, in PJI, in order to explore the possible application of this new biomarker in the early diagnosis of PJI. Plasmatic sRAGE levels (by ELISA assay), plasma antioxidant total defenses (by lag time method), plasma reactive oxygen species (ROS), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels (by colorimetric assay) were evaluated in 11 PJI patients and in 30 matched controls. ROS and TBARS were significantly higher (p < 0.001) while plasma total antioxidant capacity and sRAGE were significantly lower (p < 0.01) in patients with PJI compared to controls. Our results confirm the OS in PJI and show a strong negative correlation between the level of sRAGE and oxidative status, suggesting the plasmatic sRAGE as a potential marker for improving PJI early diagnosis.

Critical Appraisal of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) and Circulating Soluble Receptors for Advanced Glycation End Products (sRAGE) as a Predictive Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Disease in Hemodialysis Patients

“…Accumulating evidence has suggested that sRAGE and AGEs seem to be contributing factors in the development of atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease [ 14 ], and peripheral artery diseases, irrespective of either renal impairment or diabetes mellitus (DM) [ 15 ]. Even though the elevated levels of sRAGE in diabetic patients have been linked to coronary artery disease [ 16 ], and AGEs have been designated to be a predictor for mortality because of cardiovascular diseases [ 17 , 18 ], recently sRAGE has been considered as an oxidative stress biomarker as well [ 19 ]. In addition, sRAGE is used as a biomarker for reflecting the RAGE activity.…”

SCD14-ST and New Generation Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Prediction of COVID-19 Outcome

“…Being a soluble receptor, sRAGE binds AGEs but does not lead to any signaling pathway, thus competing with the signaling, cell-bound RAGE receptor and, as a consequence, limiting the AGEs-RAGE axis detrimental action and tissue damage [ 45 ]. For this reason, in many diseases, sRAGE is not only a marker of inflammation but also a protective factor [ 46 ]. Being present as a soluble form in circulation, sRAGE can be easily measured and has already been described as a biomarker in several diseases, ranging from cardiovascular to renal and liver disorders and sepsis [ 47 ].…”

The Relationship between the Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Palmoplantar Warts

“…It has also been suggested that serum levels of sRAGE are influenced by gender, age, ethnicity, the imbalance between antioxidants and prooxidants and inflammatory processes [27]. There are studies which attribute to sRAGE the role of a potential biomarker of oxidative stress [34]. Some reports have suggested that the overexpression of sRAGE reflects the excessive inflammatory response involved in the progression of endothelial lesions and coagulopathy associated with severe infection.…”