Plasmablastic lymphoma: One or more entities?

Carbone, Antonino; Gloghini, Annunziata

doi:10.1002/ajh.21259

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…All but one case (case 7) showed no presence of MYC translation after going through FISH analysis Discussion PBL is a rare aggressive B-cell NHL that is often related to EBV infection; it accounts for 2.6 % of all AIDSrelated lymphomas with overall survival rates between 6 and 12 months [18,19]. The available pathological, immunohistochemical, molecular, and genetic data suggests that plasmablastic lymphoma arises from post-germinal centre, terminally differentiated, activated B-cells that are in transition from immunoblasts to plasma cells [20].…”

Section: Cytogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathologic features of plasmablastic lymphoma: Single-center series of 8 cases from Saudi Arabia

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Characterized by its aggressive nature and plasmacytic differentiation, PBL remains a therapeutic and diagnostic challenge; it generally has a poor prognosis with very few long-term survivors and most patients dying within 2 years from initial presentation. PBL has been reported in several other countries; however, there have been no reported cases from Saudi Arabia. Here, we report 8 cases of PBL depicting the clinical presentation, immunocompetency, immunphenotypic characterization, diagnostic challenges and treatment outcome. Methods: The medical records were reviewed for clinical presentation, staging, laboratory data, radiological studies, treatments, and outcomes. A broad immunohistochemical panel consisting of CD45, CD3, CD20, CD79a, Pax5, CD38, CD138, MUM1, EMA, Kappa, Lambda, CD 56, CD30, Bcl-2, Bcl-6, Alk-1, Ki-67, EBV-LMP-1, and HHV8 was performed. Results: The tumors predominantly exhibited immunoblastic/plasmablastic or plasmacytic morphologic features and had a plasma cell-like immunophenotype. All cases were immunoreactive for CD38, CD138 and MUM1 confirming plasma cell differentiation of the tumor cells. CD20 was negative for all cases; whereas CD79a and Pax5 were weakly positive in 2cases. All 8 cases were EBV-LMP-1/EBER-1 negative, and 1 case was HHV8 positive. Similar to previously published studies, PBL in Saudi Arabia is characterized by male predominance (6/8), median age 51.5 years (mean age 46 years), associated with early dissemination, poor response to therapy, and limited survival (average survival time, 6.4 months, median overall survival 5.5 months). However, it does have some unique features. It occurs more commonly in immunocompetent persons (6/8, 75 %), is not associated with EBV infection (0/8), and nodal involvement (either primary or secondary) is common among patients (6/8). In addition, extra-oral sites are more common than oral/nasal cavities (7/8) and the c-myc gene is not common (1/8, 12.5 %).

show abstract

Section: Cytogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathologic features of plasmablastic lymphoma: Single-center series of 8 cases from Saudi Arabia

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 It commonly occurs in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or in association with other contexts of immunodeficiency such as autoimmune diseases, organ transplantation and in the elderly; [2][3][4][5] few studies have identified PL in patients without immunodeficiency. 6,7 Neoplastic cells resemble immunoblasts or plasmablasts with a B-cell terminal differentiation phenotype and they mostly have a non-germinal center (GC)-B subtype profile. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] These cells constitutively express the plasma cell antigen CD138 (syndecan-1) and often harbor immunoglobulin (Ig) chain restriction with no or weak expression of B-cell mature markers such as CD20, CD79a and PAX5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 Neoplastic cells resemble immunoblasts or plasmablasts with a B-cell terminal differentiation phenotype and they mostly have a non-germinal center (GC)-B subtype profile. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] These cells constitutively express the plasma cell antigen CD138 (syndecan-1) and often harbor immunoglobulin (Ig) chain restriction with no or weak expression of B-cell mature markers such as CD20, CD79a and PAX5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune-checkpoint expression in Epstein-Barr virus positive and negative plasmablastic lymphoma: a clinical and pathological study in 82 patients

Laurent

Fabiani

et al. 2016

Haematologica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

P lasmablastic lymphoma is a rare and aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma commonly associated with Epstein-Barr virus co-infection that most often occurs in the context of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Therefore, its immune escape strategy may involve the upregulation of immune-checkpoint proteins allowing the tumor immune evasion. However, the expression of these molecules was poorly studied in this lymphoma. We have investigated 82 plasmablastic lymphoma cases of whom half were Epstein-Barr virus positive. Although they harbored similar pathological features, Epstein-Barr virus positive plasmablastic lymphomas showed a significant increase in MYC gene rearrangement and had a better 2-year event-free survival than Epstein-Barr virus negative cases (P=0.049). Immunostains for programmed cell death-1, programmed cell death-ligand 1, indole 2,3-dioxygenase and dendritic cell specific C-type lectin showed a high or moderate expression by the microenvironment cells in 60%-72% of cases, whereas CD163 was expressed in almost all cases. Tumor cells also expressed programmed cell death-1 and its ligand in 22.5% and 5% of cases, respectively. Both Epstein-Barr virus positive and negative plasmablastic lymphomas exhibited a high immune-checkpoint score showing that it involves several pathways of immune escape. However, Epstein-Barr virus positive lymphomas exhibited a higher expression of programmed cell death-1 and its ligand in both malignant cells and microenvironment as compared to Epstein-Barr virus negative cases. In conclusion, plasmablastic lymphoma expresses immune-checkpoint proteins through both malignant cells and the tumor microenvironment. The expression of programmed cell death-1 and its ligand constitutes a strong rationale for testing monoclonal antibodies in this often chemoresistant disease.

show abstract

“…The immunophenotype of PBL is characteristically negative for CD20, but positive for plasma cell markers such as CD138 and MUM1 1. Other authors have previously described variable EMA positivity in neoplastic and non-neoplastic plasma cells7 and either weak or no expression of CD45 in PBL 1. All tumour cells proved to be negative for B cell and T cell markers such as CD20, CD10 and CD3 and for the pre-B cell marker Cd79a (table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Vulvar plasmablastic lymphoma in a HIV-positive child: a novel extraoral localisation

Chabay

Matteo

Lorenzetti

et al. 2009

Journal of Clinical Pathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) has been characterised by the World Health Organization as a new entity. This report describes an unusual case of PBL in a 3-year-old HIV-infected patient showing a cutaneous vulvar lesion with 9 months of evolution and prolapsed vulvovaginal mucosa. Histopathological examination of a biopsy sample showed diffuse submucosal infiltration by large cells with a cohesive growth pattern, and round and vesicular nuclei with fine chromatin centrally or eccentrically placed with one or more prominent nucleoli. Immunohistochemical staining in neoplastic cells was positive for multiple melanoma oncogene (MUM1), CD138, CD45 and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). The diagnosis was PBL, stage III. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) expression was positive by EBV encoded RNAs in situ hybridisation. This is believed to be the third case of paediatric HIV-associated PBL reported in the literature, and the first with vulvar localisation, which is a new anatomical location for this entity.

show abstract

Plasmablastic lymphoma: One or more entities?

Cited by 40 publications

References 12 publications

Clinicopathologic features of plasmablastic lymphoma: Single-center series of 8 cases from Saudi Arabia

Clinicopathologic features of plasmablastic lymphoma: Single-center series of 8 cases from Saudi Arabia

Immune-checkpoint expression in Epstein-Barr virus positive and negative plasmablastic lymphoma: a clinical and pathological study in 82 patients

Vulvar plasmablastic lymphoma in a HIV-positive child: a novel extraoral localisation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About