Plasma Volume, Total Circulating Protein, and “Available Fluid” Abnormalities in Preeclampsia and Eclampsia 1

Freis, Edward D.; Kenny, James F.

doi:10.1172/jci101945

Cited by 57 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Since pregnancyassociated hypertension is associated with plasma-volume contraction (Freis & Kenny, 1948;Gallery, Hunyor & Gyory, 1979) and can be aggravated by sodium depletion (Palomaki & Lindheimer, 1970), an attractive hypothesis is that volume andlor sodium depletion stimulate the renin-angiotensin axis and that its components are then responsible for the production of hypertension. There are conflicting reports in the Literature regarding the behaviour of plasma renin concentrations in patients with pregnancyassociated hypertension, some authors suggesting a relative increase (Symonds, Pipkin & Craven, 1975), some no change (Brown, Davies, Doak, Lever, Robertson & Trust, 1966) and others a decrease (Helmer & Judson, 1967).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Renin Activity in Normal Human Pregnancy and in Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension, with Reference to Cryoactivation

et al. 1980

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1.Because hypertension is the central feature of pre-eclampsia, and because plasma renin activity is known to be elevated in normal pregnancy (with conflicting results published for pre-eclampsia), a prospective study of plasma renin activity was conducted in pregnancy, under conditions of a fixed sodium intake, in 178 initially normotensive volunteer subjects. Thirty of these women developed pregnancy-associated hypertension (pre-eclampsia) in the third trimester.2. There was a significant elevation of plasma renin activity from the published values for non-pregnant women, throughout gestation in normotensive women. There was no significant difference, at any stage of gestation, between the values for normal women and those who developed pregnancy-associated hypertension.3. The extent of cryoactivation of renin, produced by usual collection procedures, was investigated in a subgroup of the total population. It was highly significant and quite variable, but was similar in those who developed pregnancyassociated hypertension and in normal pregnant women. The mean increase in plasma renin concentration in maximally cryoactivated samples was 16-fold.4. Neither measurement of peripheral plasma renin activity nor of cryoactivatable plasma renin concentration is of value in distinguishing between normal pregnant women and those destined for, or with pregnancy-associated, hypertension.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Renin Activity in Normal Human Pregnancy and in Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension, with Reference to Cryoactivation

et al. 1980

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“…We are only aware of one paper dealing with this particular aspect, namely that of Freis and Kenny (1948). We are only aware of one paper dealing with this particular aspect, namely that of Freis and Kenny (1948).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Circulation in Pregnancy Complicated by Toxæmia

Spetz

1965

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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“…This agrees with White's findings. White (1950) and Freis and Kenny (1948) found that the plasma volume was smaller in pre-eclampsia. This was not confirmed in this series and would indicate a rise in the fluid content of both compartments of the extracellular fluid space, rather than a shift from the vascular to the extravascular space.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plasma and Blood Volume Changes in Late and Prolonged Pregnancy

Cope

1958

BJOG

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Plasma Volume, Total Circulating Protein, and “Available Fluid” Abnormalities in Preeclampsia and Eclampsia 1

Cited by 57 publications

References 14 publications

Plasma Renin Activity in Normal Human Pregnancy and in Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension, with Reference to Cryoactivation

Plasma Renin Activity in Normal Human Pregnancy and in Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension, with Reference to Cryoactivation

Peripheral Circulation in Pregnancy Complicated by Toxæmia

Plasma and Blood Volume Changes in Late and Prolonged Pregnancy

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