Plasma unconjugated estriol values in high-risk pregnancy

Bashore, Richard A.; Westlake, Joan R.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(77)90555-5

Cited by 46 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our findings support this Suggestion äs in the whole study population äs well äs in each separate group of maternal diseases, depressed newborns were associated with significantiy lower maternal serum estriol levels than vigorous neonates. BASHORE [1] found similar results in pregnancies with vascular pathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

hCS, estriol and oxytocinase in maternal serum and neonatal condition in high risk pregnancies

Giussi¹,

Ballejo²,

Marinho³

et al. 1979

Journal of Perinatal Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

hCS, estriol and oxytocinase in maternal serum and neonatal condition in high risk pregnancies

Giussi¹,

Ballejo²,

Marinho³

et al. 1979

Journal of Perinatal Medicine

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“…The most striking chronic reductions in estrogen production, apart from that caused by fetal death, are associated with placental sulfatase deficiency, fetal anencephaly, and IUGR (3)(4)(5). Whereas the two former situations are relatively simple to explain in relation to their impact on estrogen production, function of the fetoplacental unit in IUGR is less clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the fetal plasma pool of DS increases steadily between approximately 20 and 32 wk in concert with fetal growth and then increases strikingly near term (I), giving rise to the accelerated increase in estrogen production that occurs at this time (2,3). In pregnancies complicated by IUGR, maternal estrogen levels are usually sub-normal (4,5). Impaired estrogen production in such circumstances could result from several factors, including reduced mass of the placenta wherein estrogen formation occurs and decreased adrenal production of DS by the growth-retarded fetus.…”

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confidence: 99%

Abnormal Adrenal Steroidogenesis in Growth-Retarded Newborn Infants

1994

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRAm. The results of prior studies suggest that abnormalities of development and function of the fetal adrenal occur in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine fetal growth retardation (IUGR). In the present investigation, we sought to extend such studies by matching IUGR infants with normally grown infants of women in whom pregnancy complications, delivery method, and gestational age were comparable. In 47 vaginally delivered, IUGR infants (38 f 2 wk, mean f SD; 2244 f 589 g body weight), the levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DS) in umbilical cord serum (4.48 f 2.94 pmol/L) were lower ( p = 0.035) than those (5.94 f 3.63 pmol/L) of 47 normal weight infants (38 f 2 wk; 3107 f 527 g). Yet, umbilical cord serum levels of cortisol in IUGR infants (455 f 189 nmol/L) were slightly higher than those of the control infants (408 f 247 nmol/L). The DS/cortisol molar ratio in IUGR infants (10.5 2 6.8) was 41% lower ( p = 0.0013) than that of the control infants (17.7 f 13). Also, the estimated DS plasma pool in IUGR infants (521 f 349 nmol) was strikingly lower ( p = 0.0018) than that of the control infants (800 f 480 nmol); the estimated plasma pools of cortisol were equivalent (growth-retarded: 53 f 27 nmol; control: 55 f 34 nmol). Although we anticipated that total cholesterol and apo B levels in IUGR infants would be increased due to reduced adrenal utilization of LDL for DS production, such was not the case. We conclude that a selective deficiency of DS production occurs in the IUGR fetus. (Pediatr Res 35: 633-636, 1994) Abbreviations IUGR, intrauterine growth retardation or retarded DS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate PIH, pregnancy-induced hypertension Estrogen production in human pregnancy is largely dependent on the production of DS by the fetal adrenals and subsequent aromatization of DS and 16 hydroxy-DS (formed in the fetal liver from DS) in the placenta. In normal fetuses, plasma DS concentrations seem to remain relatively constant during the latter half of gestation with the exception of a progressive rise during the last 6-8 wk of intrauterine life (I). Thus, the fetal plasma pool of DS increases steadily between approximately 20 and 32 wk in concert with fetal growth and then increases strikingly near term (I), giving rise to the accelerated increase in estrogen production that occurs at this time (2,3). In pregnancies complicated by IUGR, maternal estrogen levels are usually sub- normal (4, 5). Impaired estrogen production in such circumstances could result from several factors, including reduced mass of the placenta wherein estrogen formation occurs and decreased adrenal production of DS by the growth-retarded fetus. We (3,6-8) and others (9) have found subnormal DS concentrations in umbilical cord blood of infants believed to be stressed in utero as a consequence of various pregnancy complications. On the other hand, many such infants have normal to increased cortisol levels (6-8). Such findings are suggestive of stress-associated alterations in the adrenal steroid biosynthetic pathway. The...

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“…The predicback to mothers having low Ej concentrations, tive value of U E was less satisfactory. The re-BASHORB and WBTTLAKB [2] monitored 321 risk maim>n o perinatal risk factors for the children's pregnancies through regular analysis of E 3 from development (premature birth, ac.dosis, cesarethe 32nd week of pregnancy until birth. They »n section) could not be diagnosed through found that the prognostic value was highest either oi the methods mentioned, when obtaining blood samples during the last With respect to the infant's development in the week before birth.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%