Plasma Tissue Factor Levels and Salivary Tissue Factor Activities of Periodontitis Patients with and without Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

The association between periodontal and cardiovascular disease has received considerable attention. Studies have demonstrated a higher incidence of atherosclerotic complications in patients with periodontal disease. Tissue factor (TF) has been known as a key initiator of the coagulation cascade, and the TF pathway is the primary physiological mechanism of initiation of blood coagulation. Recently, it has been shown that the circulating pool of TF in blood is associated with increased blood thrombogenicity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Various tissues and saliva have been known to have TF activity. Consequently, the aim of this study was to investigate plasma TF levels and TF activity of saliva in periodontitis patients with and without diagnosed CAD. Twenty-six patients with a diagnosis of CAD and 26 systemically healthy patients were examined in the dental clinic, and the Community Periodontal Index Treatment Needs (CPITN) scores were recorded. Plasma TF levels were determined using commercially available ELISA kit. Salivary TF activities were determined according to Quick’s one-stage method. Plasma TF levels were significantly increased in patients with CAD when compared with the control group. There was no difference in salivary TF activities between the 2 groups, but there was a strong and negative correlation between salivary TF activities and CPITN indexes in both groups. In order to determine the possible role of TF activity as a salivary marker in CAD and periodontitis and to fully understand the negative correlation between salivary TF activities and CPITN, TF activity of gingival crevicular fluid that may also affect saliva can be evaluated.

The effects of tacrolimus on the activity and expression of tissue factor in the rat ovary with ischemia–reperfusion induced injury

“…TF was found in circulating blood cells, and specific signaling events and various inflammatory mediators have been reported to induce its expression [9][10][11]. Various tissues and body fluids were demonstrated to exhibit TF activity [12][13][14]. Abnormal TF expression leads to intravascular thrombosis associated with various diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer and sepsis [15].…”

Evaluation of Tissue Factor Activities and Sialic Acid Levels in D-Galactose Induced Aging Model

“…Ekstrinsik koagülasyon kaskadının asıl başlatıcısıdır ve kanın pıhtılaşmasında, inflamasyonda, embriyonik gelişimde, anjiogenezde, tümör metastazın-da, hücre adhezyonu/migrasyonunda ve doğuştan kazanılmış bağışıklıkta rol oynar (7). Çeşitli doku ve vücut sıvı-larında TF aktivitesi gözlenmiştir (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). TF'nin intrasellüler bölgesinde 2 fosforilasyon bölgesi içermesi, bu proteinin intrasellüler süreçlerde rol oynadığına işaret etmektedir (7).…”

Concentrações de MMP-8, MMP-9, MPO, TIMP-1 e TIMP-2 na saliva e correlações com plasma

“…Caracterizada pela destruição do tecido conjuntivo e ósseo adjacentes ao dente, esta doença é principal causa de perda dos dentes na população adulta (Emekli-Alturfan, Basar et al 2011). A DP possui uma prevalência de aproximadamente 10% na maioria das populações adultas, chegando a 30% em indivíduos com idade superior a 50 anos (Taba, Kinney et al 2005;Emekli-Alturfan, Basar et al 2011).…”

“…A relação entre DP e doença cardiovascular tem sido investigada em diversos estudos (Demmer and Desvarieux 2006), pois a inflamação sistêmica induzida pela DP pode aumentar o risco de acidentes vasculares causados por formação de trombos e agregação plaquetária (Back, Ketelhuth et al 2010;Emekli-Alturfan, Basar et al 2011 Os neutrófilos possuem 6 tipos de grânulos (Gullberg, Andersson et al 1997), cada um deles é produzido durante diferentes estágios da diferenciação mielóide, e contêm diferentes proteases e outros tipos de enzimas. A MPO pode ser encontrada nos grânulos primários (ou azurófilos), enquanto proteinases, como a MMP-9 (92 kDa) estão localizada nos grânulos terciários (Marcaccini, Meschiari et al 2010).…”

“…Já estão descritas as correlação de moléculas endógenas como citocinas, prostaglandinas, anticorpos, hormônios, MMPs, TIMPs, fator tecidual, ácido siálico entre saliva total e plasma (Greabu, Battino et al 2009;Marcaccini, Meschiari et al 2009;Emekli-Alturfan, Basar et al 2011;Oktay, Basar et al 2011). A saliva também pode ser utilizada para detectar substâncias exógenas como medicamentos e drogas de abuso, podendo também, detectar a infecção por microrganismos (vírus, bactérias e fungos), através da presença de proteínas e DNA microbianos, ou anticorpos do hospedeiro contra esses patógenos.…”