Plasma IL‐8 signature correlates with pain and depressive symptomatology in patients with burning mouth syndrome: Results from a pilot study

Abstract

Overall, these findings indicate that plasma IL-8 profiles are dysregulated in BMS and that modulation of IL-8 production in the disorder may be a tool in the management of BMS symptomatology.

Effect of antidepressant treatment on plasma levels of neuroinflammation‐associated molecules in patients with somatic symptom disorder with predominant pain around the orofacial region

“…IL‐6 can exert both detrimental or beneficial effects on the nervous system; these effects may depend on the timing and level of IL‐6 expression (Biber et al, ; Wyss‐Coray & Mucke, ). Barry et al measured plasma levels of IL‐8 and showed that these levels were higher in BMS patients compared with controls; moreover, levels increased according to the intensity of pain and depression (Barry et al, ). However, this was only a pilot study involving a small number of individuals.…”

“…However, this was only a pilot study involving a small number of individuals. As mentioned above, measurements of neuroinflammation‐associated molecules in saliva have yielded inconsistent results (Boras et al, ; Simcić et al, ; Suh et al, ), and studies using blood samples have sporadically suggested that some cytokines might exert some influence on BMS pathophysiology (Barry et al, ; Chen et al, ; Pekiner et al, ). Two genomic studies showed that IL‐1β polymorphisms are associated with the pathology of BMS (Guimarães et al, ; Kim et al, ).…”

Plasma N‐acylethanolamine and endocannabinoid levels in burning mouth syndrome: Potential role in disease pathogenesis

“…James's Hospital Research Ethics committee (ref:2015‐09). Nine BMS patients and 8 healthy volunteers were recruited from Cork University Dental School and Hospital following informed written consent as described . As previously detailed, this BMS cohort demonstrated enhanced oral cavity pain as determined using a visual analogue scale (VAS), increased depressive symptomatology using the self‐rated 16‐item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS‐SR 16 ) questionnaire and elevated plasma levels of the pro‐inflammatory chemokine, interleukin (IL)‐8 .…”

“…Nine BMS patients and 8 healthy volunteers were recruited from Cork University Dental School and Hospital following informed written consent as described . As previously detailed, this BMS cohort demonstrated enhanced oral cavity pain as determined using a visual analogue scale (VAS), increased depressive symptomatology using the self‐rated 16‐item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS‐SR 16 ) questionnaire and elevated plasma levels of the pro‐inflammatory chemokine, interleukin (IL)‐8 . Following solid phase extraction on plasma, measurement of plasma PEA, OEA, AEA and 2‐AG was carried out using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) as described previously, with minor modifications …”

“…Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a neuropathic orofacial pain disorder typically affecting middle‐aged women and is associated with burning, pain and(or) itching episodes throughout the oral cavity which appears normal on examination . The aetiology of BMS is unknown, and studies have associated the disorder with inflammation and psychiatric disturbances . Interestingly, BMS alters the expression of CB 1/2 and TRPV1 on tongue epithelia, suggesting that altered eCB signalling may be associated with BMS pathogenesis .…”