Plasma IL‐33 in atopic patients correlates with pro‐inflammatory cytokines and changes cholesterol transport protein expression: a surprising neutral overall impact on atherogenicity

Abstract

Here, we demonstrate that high levels of IL-33 and a high IL-33/soluble ST2 ratio correlates with elevated levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-17α as well as IL-5, demonstrating that IL-33 has pleiotropic effects. However, elevated IL-33 did not significantly impact lipid accumulation in macrophages overall. Given the wide variety of cellular responses regulated by IL-33, further investigation with a larger sample size will allow us to clarify the threshold concentration of IL-33 that leads to optimal cholesterol balance.

The challenge of measuring IL‐33 in serum using commercial ELISA: lessons from asthma

“…Furthermore, also in a non‐allergic inflammatory disorder (Sjögren), measurement of IL‐33 by the currently used immunoassays was shown to be problematic . Digital or multiplex immunoassays could be promising novel methods in the measurement of IL‐33 .…”

“…Furthermore, also in a non-allergic inflammatory disorder (Sj€ ogren), measurement of IL-33 by the currently used immunoassays was shown to be problematic [9]. Digital or multiplex immunoassays could be promising novel methods in the measurement of IL-33 [10].In summary, we show that 1) IL-33 is difficult to detect by ELISA in human serum, due to lack of sensitivity and specificity of currently available assays, 2) human serum interferes with IL-33 quantification in part through IL-1RL1-a, and 3) using non-serum certified kits may lead to spurious findings. We suggest that the data generated in the current study should be taken into account for prospective and retrospective studies of human serum IL-33 levels using these existing kits.…”

Exposure to farm environment and its correlations with total IgE, IL-13, and IL-33 serum levels in patients with atopy and asthma

“…Voloshyna et al reached similar conclusions obtaining higher concentrations of IL-33 in the serum of atopics than in the control group. 37 However, some studies have proved that asthmatics are characterized by increased serum IL-33 levels 12 ; in our study, it was just a trend.…”