Plasma protein biosynthesis in different thyroid states

Nadkarni, G.D.; Samuel, A.M.

doi:10.1016/0006-2944(73)90077-x

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Samples were obtained prior to levothyroxine sodium dosing for the day 2007). Neither hyperthyroid humans (Buchanan et al, 1962) nor rats (Nadkarni & Samuel, 1973) had differences in serum globulins compared with euthyroid individuals. The mild decreases in serum albumin and globulin concentrations in the 6× and 10× groups are generally consistent with findings in humans and rats, and for these dogs were clinically not important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In other species, decreased serum albumin was detected in hyperthyroid human patients (Buchanan, Koutras, Alexander, & Crooks, ; Kubota et al., ) and experimentally hyperthyroid rats (Nadkarni & Samuel, ), but not in feline hyperthyroid patients (Berent, Drobatz, Ziemer, Johnson, & Ward, ). Neither hyperthyroid humans (Buchanan et al., ) nor rats (Nadkarni & Samuel, ) had differences in serum globulins compared with euthyroid individuals. The mild decreases in serum albumin and globulin concentrations in the 6× and 10× groups are generally consistent with findings in humans and rats, and for these dogs were clinically not important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Serum albumin concentration was mildly decreased in the 6× group, with serum globulin and total protein concentrations mildly decreased in the 6× and 10× groups. In other species, decreased serum albumin was detected in hyperthyroid human patients (Buchanan, Koutras, Alexander, & Crooks, 1962;Kubota et al, 2008) and experimentally hyperthyroid rats (Nadkarni & Samuel, 1973), but not in feline hyperthyroid patients (Berent, Drobatz, Ziemer, Johnson, & Ward, F I G U R E 5 Thyroid-stimulating hormone serum concentrations (ng/ml) in dogs that received 0 (0×; n = 7), 0.044 (2×; n = 8), 0.132 (6×; n = 8), or 0.220 mg kg −1 day −1 (10×; n = 8) levothyroxine sodium. Samples were obtained prior to levothyroxine sodium dosing for the day 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety of orally administered,USP‐compliant levothyroxine sodium tablets in dogs

Hare¹,

Morrow²,

Caldwell³

et al. 2017

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The safety of synthetic levothyroxine sodium tablets (Thyro-Tabs® Canine; LLOYD, Inc.) in dogs was evaluated in a randomized, sham-dose controlled, parallel-group study. Young, healthy, euthyroid Beagle dogs were randomized into four groups (four females and four males per group) and received single daily doses of 0×, 2× (0.044 mg/kg), This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Safety of orally administered,USP‐compliant levothyroxine sodium tablets in dogs

Hare¹,

Morrow²,

Caldwell³

et al. 2017

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The specific activities obtained were not corrected for normal protein concentration due to known changes in the plasma volumes in altered thyroid status (Nadkarni and Samuel, 1973). To minimize errors due to possible changes in the precursor amino acid pool all rats were pair-fed and a common, non-essential amino acid was selected as a tracer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier work from our laboratory (Nadkarni and Samuel, 1973) has conclusively shown that the thyroid status of rat has a profound effect on the concentration and synthesis ratet of different plasma proteins. The liver plays n important role in the thyroid economy, as it is involved in the formation of glucuronides and sulphate conjugates of the thyroid hormohes (De Groot and Stanbury, 1975), besides being the active ste of synthesis of most of the plasma proteins (except gamma globulins and some alpha and beta globulins) (Schuitze and Heremans, 1966), including the thyroxine-binding globulin and prealbumin, which are transport carriers of thyroid hormones (Oppenheimer, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effects of Propylthiouracil, Methimazole and Thyroidectomy on Liver and Plasma Proteins: Differential Response to Thyroxine

Nadkarni¹,

Deshpande²,

Pahuja³

2009

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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Differential effects of propylthiouracil (PTU), methimazole (MMI) and thyroidectomy (Tx) on liver and plasma proteins have been studied in rats, some of which have been simultaneously treated with L-thyroxine (T4). Although the absolute liver weights were lower in all hypothyroid groups, the relative liver weights (g/100 g) were significantly higher in PTU and MMI groups, while in Tx group they were lower. T4 administration raised the absolute liver weights in all groups, even though there was no significant difference between relative weights in PTU and MMI groups. In Tx group, however, the relative weight was restored to control level. One of the constituents responsible for the increased relative liver weight was liver protein. The increased liver protein concentration (mg/g) was, however, not reflected in the synthesis rate which was uniformly low in all groups inspite of T4 therapy. Plasma albumin concentration was raised in hypothyroid rats which did not respond to T4 therapy. On the other hand, increased total plasma protein level was restored to normal. Relative 14C-glycine incorporation into albumin, fibrinogen, seromucoids and total proteins was reduced from 14 to 30%, 5.2 to 19% and 13 to 23% of control in PTU, MMI and Tx groups, respectively. Of these, only MMI and Tx groups appeared to be responsive to T4 therapy. Of all the protein fractions, fibrinogen synthesis was least affected by various treatments. To some extent these observations may be explained on the basis of altered general endocrine status and specific extra-thyroidal effects, rather than on the basis of thyroid status alone.

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Thyroid hormone action on intermediary metabolism

Müller

Seitz

1984

Klin Wochenschr

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In their physiological concentrations, thyroid hormones stimulate the synthesis as well as the degradation of proteins, whereas in supraphysiological doses protein catabolism predominates. In hyperthyroidism skeletal muscle protein stores suffer depletion which is reflected by an increased urinary N- and methylhistidine -excretion. Due to the enhanced skeletal muscle amino acid release, the plasma concentration of glucoplastic amino acids are often enhanced, contributing by means of an elevated substrate supply to the increased hepatic gluconeogenesis. Thyroid hormone excess induces cardiac hypertrophy which is in direct contrast to the hypotroph skeletal muscle in hyperthyroid patients. Thyroid hormones stimulate a series of intracellular and secretory proteins in the liver, although in hyperthyroid liver alcohol dehydrogenase and the enzymes of histidine and tryptophan metabolism show reduced activities. The stimulatory effect is due to thyroid hormone-induced increase in the protein synthesis at a pretranslational level and is supported experimentally for malic enzyme, alpha 2u-globulin and albumin by the measurement of their specific messenger RNA activities. Thyroid hormone action at the cellular level is reflected by a generalized increase in total cellular RNA with a selective increase or decrease in a small population of specific mRNA. The activities of protein catabolizing lysosomal enzymes are stimulated by thyroid hormones; up to now effects of T3 on the degradation of specific enzymes have not been reported. Serum total protein concentration is slightly reduced or even unchanged in hyperthyroidism. The thyroid hormone-induced increase in the turnover of total body protein is part of the hypermetabolism observed in hyperthyroidism.

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Plasma protein biosynthesis in different thyroid states

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Safety of orally administered,USP‐compliant levothyroxine sodium tablets in dogs

Safety of orally administered,USP‐compliant levothyroxine sodium tablets in dogs

Effects of Propylthiouracil, Methimazole and Thyroidectomy on Liver and Plasma Proteins: Differential Response to Thyroxine

Thyroid hormone action on intermediary metabolism

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