Plasma prolactin and glucose alterations induced by surgical stress: a single or dual response?

Reis, Fm; Ribeiro-de-Oliveira, A; Machado, Luciana A. C.; Guerra, RM; Reis, Adelina M.; Coimbra, CC

doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1998.sp004086

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In fact, prolactin has been shown to markedly affect glucose metabolism (31) but, on the other hand, chronic stressful conditions are known to increase prolactin secretion most likely via neuroendocrine mechanisms (32). Like others (16), we found that significant increase in prolactin levels was coupled with reduction in testosterone levels; in agreement with some previous data, this would likely indicate stress-induced depression in the function of the gonadal axis that, in turn, would be negatively affected by prolactin increase (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine and metabolic responses to extreme altitude and physical exercise in climbers

Benso

Broglio

Aimaretti

et al. 2007

European Journal of Endocrinology

106

103

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Context: Chronic hypoxia induces complex metabolic and endocrine adaptations. High-altitude (HA) exposure is a physiological model of hypoxia. Objective: To further investigate the endocrine and metabolic responses to extreme HA. Methods: We studied nine male elite climbers at sea level and at 5200 m after climbing Mt. Everest. Results: After 7 weeks at HA, body weight was reduced (P!0.05); regarding endocrine variables we observed: a) an increase of 2-h mean GH concentration (P!0.05) as well as of total IGF-I and IGF binding protein-3 levels (P!0.05 for both); b) a prolactin increase (P!0.05) coupled with testosterone decrease (P!0.01) and progesterone increase (P!0.05) without any change in estradiol levels: c) no change in cortisol, ACTH, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels; d) an increase in free thyroxine (P!0.05) and free tri-iodothyronine (T 3 ) decrease (P!0.05) but no change in TSH levels; e) a plasma glucose decrease (P!0.05) without any change in insulin levels; f) an increase in mean free fatty acid levels (P!0.05); g) despite body weight loss, leptin levels showed non-significant trend toward decrease, while ghrelin levels did not change at all. Conclusions:The results of the present study in a unique experimental human model of maximal exposure to altitude and physical exercise demonstrate that extreme HA and strenuous physical exercise are coupled with specific endocrine adaptations. These include increased activity of the GH/IGF-I axis and a low T 3 syndrome but no change in ghrelin and leptin that was expected taking into account body weight decrease. These findings would contribute to better understanding human endocrine and metabolic physiology in hypoxic conditions. European Journal of Endocrinology 157 733-740

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine and metabolic responses to extreme altitude and physical exercise in climbers

Benso

Broglio

Aimaretti

et al. 2007

European Journal of Endocrinology

106

103

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“…A stress response involves multiple, independently regulated components (Reis et al 1998). The combination of prestress with stress may change the reaction pattern, which was originally constantly observed after the single stressor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Repeated Prestressors on Single Stress Response in Rats

Yamamotová

Starec

̆ková

et al. 2000

Pharmacology & Toxicology

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The effect of various stressors of different intensity applied in random order before the final single immersion restraint stress was tested in two inbred rat strains, isoprenaline-sensitive and isoprenaline-resistant. The isoprenalinesensitive strain revealed higher incidence of heart lesions after this single acute stress and low incidence of gastric lesions. The isoprenaline-resistant strain had the opposite characteristics. These differences were constantly reproducible when this strong stressor was used. After prestress by different stressors (tail-flick, ether anaesthesia, Porsolt swimming stress) at different time schedules, the incidence of gastric ulcer lesions, the weight of organs (heart, adrenals, spleen) changed substantially in isoprenaline-sensitive rats only. The most important result was reversal of the extent of gastric lesions. The isoprenaline-sensitive strain revealed more lesions than the isoprenaline-resistant one. The repeated different prestressors mainly changed the reactivity of animals, isoprenaline-sensitive rats becoming more similar to isoprenaline-resistant rats. These findings urged us to interpret carefully the results obtained in stress research with different and multiple stressors both in animals and humans.

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“…These results indicate no involvement of CCK and the enteropancreatic reflex in the regulation of the insulin release in pigs. The high glucose levels in the operated pigs were probably due to the surgical stress, which is known to elevate the plasma glucose levels in humans and animals, 35 and further stimulation with glucose might cause hyperglycemia. The vagotomy had a significant (P e 0.001) effect on the plasma insulin level, implying that the intact vagus nerves might have a somewhat inhibitory effect on the pancreas during anesthesia.…”

Section: Effects Of Physiological Cck Dosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arterial Gastroduodenal Infusion of Cholecystokinin-33 Stimulates the Exocrine Pancreatic Enzyme Release Via an Enteropancreatic Reflex, Without Affecting the Endocrine Insulin Secretion in Pigs

Rengman

Weström²,

Åhrén

et al. 2009

Pancreas

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Plasma prolactin and glucose alterations induced by surgical stress: a single or dual response?

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

Endocrine and metabolic responses to extreme altitude and physical exercise in climbers

Endocrine and metabolic responses to extreme altitude and physical exercise in climbers

The Influence of Repeated Prestressors on Single Stress Response in Rats

Arterial Gastroduodenal Infusion of Cholecystokinin-33 Stimulates the Exocrine Pancreatic Enzyme Release Via an Enteropancreatic Reflex, Without Affecting the Endocrine Insulin Secretion in Pigs

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