Plasma processes and adhesive bonding of polytetrafluoroethylene

Kaplan, Stephen L.; Lopata, Eugene S.; Smith, Jared

doi:10.1002/sia.740200502

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The surface properties of PTFE may be altered by including small amounts of modifier monomers or by treatment of the PTFE surface by electron beam, − UV-radiation, glow discharge, − jet plasma, − wet chemical, − and grafting techniques …”

Section: Properties Of Ptfementioning

confidence: 99%

Polytetrafluoroethylene: Synthesis and Characterization of the Original Extreme Polymer

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This Review aims to be a comprehensive, authoritative, and critical review of general interest to the chemistry community (both academia and industry) as it contains an extensive overview of all published data on the homopolymerization of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), detailing the TFE homopolymerization process and the resulting chemical and physical properties. Several reviews and encyclopedia chapters on the properties and applications of fluoropolymers in general have been published, including various reviews that extensively report copolymers of TFE (listed below). Despite this, a thorough review of the specific methods of synthesis of the homopolymer, and the relationships between synthesis conditions and the physicochemical properties of the material prepared, has not been available. This Review intends to fill that gap. As known, PTFE and its marginally modified derivatives comprise some 60−65% of the total international fluoropolymer market with a global increase of ca. 7% per annum of its production. Numerous companies, such as Asahi Glass, Solvay Specialty Polymers, Daikin, DuPont/Chemours, Juhua, 3F, 3M/ Dyneon, etc., produce TFE homopolymers. Such polymers, both high-molecular-mass materials and waxes, are chemically inert and hydrophobic and exhibit an excellent thermal stability as well as an exceptionally low coefficient of friction. These polymers find use in applications ranging from coatings and lubrication to pyrotechnics, and an extensive industry (electronic, aerospace, wires and cables, and textiles) has been built around them. South Africa, being the third largest producer of fluorspar (CaF 2 ), the precursor to hydrogen fluoride and fluorine, has embarked on an industrial initiative to locally beneficiate its fluorspar reserves, with the local production of fluoropolymers being one projected outcome. As our manuscript focuses specifically on the homopolymerization of TFE (the starting point for all fluoropolymer industries), it will be of considerable use to start-up companies and other commercial entities looking to enter the fluoropolymer market, as well as to end-user companies. The manuscript commences with a short discussion on the synthesis and production of TFE (both at industrial and laboratory scales), including the safety aspects surrounding handling (because that monomer is regarded as explosive if brought into contact with oxygen due to the formation of peroxides), transport, and storage, and then expands into detailed discussions dealing with aspects such as the various additives used (buffers, chain transfer agents, surfactants, etc.), the solvent environment, and the reaction conditions. A further section reports the properties of PTFE with respect to the polymerization conditions as well as an overview on the specialized techniques used to characterize PTFE. Finally, the applications of PTFE in various fields, ranging from electrical insulation to tribological to medical applications, as well as chemically resistant coatings and pyrotechnics, are discussed.

show abstract

Section: Properties Of Ptfementioning

confidence: 99%

Polytetrafluoroethylene: Synthesis and Characterization of the Original Extreme Polymer

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For this reason, surface-modification techniques that can transform these materials into valuable finished products became an important part of surface science and technology. Surface modification of materials with functional polymers is an important research area in polymer science due to the wide applications of polymers in the fields of adhesion, biomaterials, protective coatings, friction and wear, composites, microelectronics, and thin-film technology [1][2][3]. Generally, these surface-modification methods can be divided into two classes: physical modifications [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and chemical modifications [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification and functionalization through the self-assembled monolayer and graft polymerization

Ruckenstein

2005

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

256

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Surface modification of polymers via molecular design is one of the most versatile means of incorporating new functionalities into the existing polymers. , These new functionalities have included improved surface hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, biocompatibility, conductivity, , lubricative properties, and adhesive properties, just to name a few. Surface modifications of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and fluoropolymers have been of particular interest, as these polymer substrates are one of the most important families of engineering polymers well known for their physical and chemical inertness .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification and Functionalization of Polytetrafluoroethylene Films

Kang¹,

Tan²,

Kato³

et al. 1996

Macromolecules

222

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Argon plasma-pretreated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films were subjected to further surface modification by near-UV light-induced graft copolymerization with acrylic acid (AAc), sodium salt of styrenesulfonic acid (NaSS), and N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA). The surface compositions and microstructures of the modified films were characterized by angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A stratified surface microstructure with a significantly higher substrate-to-graft chain ratio in the top surface layer than in the subsurface layer was always obtained for PTFE surface with a substantial amount of the hydrophilic graft. The stratified surface microstructure was consistent with the observed hysteresis in advancing and receding water contact angles. The graft yield increased with Ar plasma pretreatment time and monomer concentration. Covalent immobilization of trypsin on the AAc polymer-grafted PTFE films was facilitated by water-soluble carbodiimide (WSC). The effective enzyme activities increased initially with increasing surface concentration of the grafted AAc polymer but became saturated at a moderate AAc polymer concentration. The immobilized enzyme could still retain close to 30% of its original activity. Solution-coating of the polymeric acid-modified PTFE films with the emeraldine (EM) base of polyaniline readily resulted in an interfacial charge transfer interaction and a semiconductive PTFE surface.

show abstract

Plasma processes and adhesive bonding of polytetrafluoroethylene

Cited by 25 publications

References 5 publications

Polytetrafluoroethylene: Synthesis and Characterization of the Original Extreme Polymer

Polytetrafluoroethylene: Synthesis and Characterization of the Original Extreme Polymer

Surface modification and functionalization through the self-assembled monolayer and graft polymerization

Surface Modification and Functionalization of Polytetrafluoroethylene Films

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About