Plasma Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein, a Strong Predictor for Acute Coronary Heart Disease Events in Apparently Healthy, Middle-Aged Men From the General Population

Meisinger, Christa; Baumert, Jens; Khuseyinova, Natalie; Loewel, Hannelore; Köenig, Wolfgang

doi:10.1161/circulationaha.104.529297

Cited by 366 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Coronary heart disease was also associated with a higher ox-LDL/LDLcholesterol ratio, which is consistent with previous studies [2][3][4]. Women with cancer also had a higher ox-LDL/LDL-cholesterol ratio than women without cancer in this study, which is consistent with a previous study that showed elevated ox-LDL in women with breast or ovarian cancer [30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Circulating oxidized low-density lipoproteins are associated with overweight, obesity, and low serum carotenoids in older community-dwelling women

et al. 2008

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Objective-The objective of this study was to determine whether total serum carotenoids, alphatocopherol, selenium, and obesity were independently associated with oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) in moderately to severe disabled older women living in the community.Methods-Serum ox-LDL, carotenoids, alpha-tocopherol, and selenium were measured in a population-based sample of 543 moderately to severely disabled women, aged 65 and older, in the Women's Health and Aging Study I in Baltimore, Maryland.Results-Total serum carotenoids, smoking, overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m 2 ), and obesity (BMI≥30 mg/kg 2 ) were significantly associated with ox-LDL/LDL-cholesterol ratio after adjusting for age, C-reactive protein, and chronic diseases. Alpha-tocopherol and selenium were not significantly associated with ox-LDL/LDL-cholesterol ratio.Conclusions-Older women who are overweight or obese or who have low total serum carotenoids are more likely to have higher lipoprotein oxidation. Weight reduction in overweight/obese women and increased intake of carotenoid-rich foods may potentially reduce lipoprotein oxidation. Keywordsbody mass index; carotenoids; low-density lipoproteins; obesity; oxidative stress Oxidation of low-density lipoproteins is considered a key factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease [1]. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) are taken up by scavenger receptors on macrophages and contribute to the formation of foam cells and atherosclerotic lesions [1]. Elevated circulating ox-LDL are associated with more severe atherosclerotic lesions [2], and high circulating levels of ox-LDL have been shown to be independently predictive of subclinical atherosclerosis [3] and acute coronary heart disease [4].Obesity is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease [5]. Both abdominal obesity and general obesity (body mass index >30 kg/m 2 ) were shown to be independently associated with circulating ox-LDL among men and women, aged in Spain [6]. Among subjects with LDL is a large particle that contains one apoB molecule and a large number of triacylglycerol, free cholesterol, cholesterol ester, and phospholipid molecules [9]. LDL contains carotenes and xanthophylls, the two major classes of carotenoids in humans, and carotenoids protect LDL against oxidation [10]. The carotenoid content of LDL has been shown to be strongly correlated with serum carotenoid concentrations [11,12].Although carotenoids are known to protect LDL particles from oxidation, the relationship between total serum carotenoid concentrations and circulating ox-LDL has not been well characterized in humans. We hypothesized that both obesity and low total serum carotenoids were associated with elevated circulating ox-LDL in older adults. To address this hypothesis, we assessed serum ox-LDL among older women living in the community who participated in the Women's Health and Aging Study I. Subjects and MethodsSubjects in this study were women, aged 65 and older, who participated in the Women's Health and...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Circulating oxidized low-density lipoproteins are associated with overweight, obesity, and low serum carotenoids in older community-dwelling women

et al. 2008

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“…In particular, the oxidation of LDL-C by free radicals plays a central role in the formation, progression, and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques (27). A large body of evidence shows that ox-LDL is involved in the very early, yet critical steps of atherogenesis, such as endothelial injury, expression of adhesion molecules, and leukocyte recruitment and retention, as well as foam cell and thrombus formation (28). LDL-C is the main factor for the increase in ox-LDL levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum total oxidant/anti-oxidant status, ischemia-modified albumin and oxidized-low density lipoprotein levels in patients with vitamin D deficiency

Başer

Can

Başer

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: Oxidative damage may be responsible for the pathogenesis and complications of many diseases. Vitamin D deficiency has been suggested as a potential mediator of various extra-skeletal pathologies. However, there are limited data on anti-oxidant properties of vitamin D. Materials and methods: Forty-one subjects with vitamin D deficiency and 30 healthy controls were enrolled into the study. The levels of total anti-oxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), highsensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and fibrinogen were measured in both groups. The measurements were repeated in 17 patients after the replacement of vitamin D. Results: Serum IMA and TOS levels were significantly higher (p < 0.001 and p = 0.035, respectively), while TAS levels were significantly lower in patients, compared to controls (p < 0.001). Additionally, fibrinogen was significantly higher in patients than controls (p = 0.003), while ox-LDL and hs-CRP levels were similar between two groups. After the replacement of vitamin D, TAS level significantly increased (p = 0.037), and TOS and fibrinogen levels significantly decreased (p = 0.043 and p = 0.010, respectively). Vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with IMA and fibrinogen levels (r = -0.500, p < 0.001 and r = -0.391, p = 0.002, respectively), although positively correlated with TAS levels (r = 0.430, p < 0.001). No correlation was found between vitamin D levels, and the TOS, ox-LDL and hs-CRP levels. Conclusions: In this study, while serum IMA, TOS and fibrinogen levels were increased, TAS levels were seen to be decreased in patients with vitamin D deficiency. These results suggest that oxidative/anti-oxidative balance shifts in favours of oxidative status in vitamin D deficiency. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(4):318-24

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“…18,19,24 Indeed, elevated oxLDL blood levels reflect the pathologic condition of the vessel wall, endothelial dysfunction and coronary plaque instability. 25 Furthermore, oxLDL increases endothelial stiffness, force generation and network formation. 20 There is also a report that SAA-LDL serves as a direct marker of arterial plaque activity in patients with stable coronary artery disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid reduces cardio-ankle vascular index in association with decreased serum amyloid A-LDL in metabolic syndrome

et al. 2009

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A recent clinical trial revealed that highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, reduces the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. However, the detailed mechanism underlying the anti-atherogenic effect of EPA is still poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effect of EPA on cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), a new index of arterial stiffness that is less influenced by blood pressure (BP), as well as on serum amyloid A-low-density lipoprotein (SAA-LDL), an oxidized LDL (oxLDL), in the metabolic syndrome. Ninety-two obese Japanese subjects with metabolic syndromes were randomly divided into two groups (n¼46): the EPA-treated group (1.8 g administered daily for 3 months) and the control group. Measurements were taken to assess the changes in glucose-lipid metabolism, SAA-LDL, C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, adiponectin and pulse wave velocity (PWV), and CAVI. EPA treatment significantly reduced the levels of immunoreactive insulin, triglycerides, SAA-LDL, CRP, PWV and CAVI and increased the levels of adiponectin relative to the control group for 3 months (Po0.05). Stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that the only significant determinant for a decrease in CAVI by EPA is a reduction in SAA-LDL (Po0.05). Moreover, the EPA-induced reduction of SAA-LDL was only significantly correlated with a decrease in total cholesterol and an increase in adiponectin (Po0.05). This study is the first demonstration that EPA improves arterial stiffness and is less influenced by BP, possibly through the suppression of SAA-LDL, thereby leading to a reduction in the frequency of cardiovascular disease development in metabolic syndrome.

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Plasma Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein, a Strong Predictor for Acute Coronary Heart Disease Events in Apparently Healthy, Middle-Aged Men From the General Population

Cited by 366 publications

References 59 publications

Circulating oxidized low-density lipoproteins are associated with overweight, obesity, and low serum carotenoids in older community-dwelling women

Circulating oxidized low-density lipoproteins are associated with overweight, obesity, and low serum carotenoids in older community-dwelling women

Serum total oxidant/anti-oxidant status, ischemia-modified albumin and oxidized-low density lipoprotein levels in patients with vitamin D deficiency

Highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid reduces cardio-ankle vascular index in association with decreased serum amyloid A-LDL in metabolic syndrome

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