Plasma membranes from human liver contain an enzyme activity that removes the membrane anchor of alkaline phosphatase and converts it to a plasma-like form

Stinson, Robert A.; Hamilton, Brad A.

doi:10.1016/0009-9120(93)90084-j

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Circulating osteopontin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) are sensitive osteogenic markers that are of diagnostic value [30, 31]. Figure 3a shows that plasma osteopontin levels and ALP activities were significantly higher in both 1- and 4-month TO2 hamsters, suggesting ongoing abnormal osteogenic events.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A commonly used osteogenic marker is the phosphate-splitting enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which is induced during the early stage of osteogenesis [30, 31]. Although aberrant circulating levels of ALP can be associated with a wide range of disease conditions [44, 45], the abnormally high levels of ALP activities in the plasma and heart tissue of TO2 hamsters were detected in the absence of abnormal liver ALP activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myocardial oxidative stress, osteogenic phenotype, and energy metabolism are differentially involved in the initiation and early progression of δ-sarcoglycan-null cardiomyopathy

et al. 2008

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Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cause of heart failure, and identification of early pathogenic events occurring prior to the onset of cardiac dysfunction is of mechanistic, diagnostic, and therapeutic importance. The work characterized early biochemical pathogenesis in TO2 strain hamsters lacking δ-sarcoglycan. Although the TO2 hamster heart exhibits normal function at 1 month of age (presymptomatic stage), elevated levels of myeloperoxidase, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, malondialdehyde, osteopontin, and alkaline phosphatase were evident, indicating the presence of inflammation, oxidative stress, and osteogenic phenotype. These changes were localized primarily to the myocardium. Derangement in energy metabolism was identified at the symptomatic stage (4 month), and is marked by attenuated activity and expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit, which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in aerobic glucose metabolism. Thus, this study illustrates differential involvement of oxidative stress, osteogenic phenotype, and glucose metabolism in the initiation and early progression of δ-sarcoglycan-null DCM.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial oxidative stress, osteogenic phenotype, and energy metabolism are differentially involved in the initiation and early progression of δ-sarcoglycan-null cardiomyopathy

et al. 2008

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“…Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a ubiquitous, membrane-bound enzyme attached to glycosylphosphatidylinositol moieties located on the outer cell surface [36]. The serum pool of ALP consists of several dimeric isoforms, which originate from various tissues: liver, bone, intestine, spleen, kidney, and placenta.…”

Section: Enzyme-based Markers Of Bone Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers of Bone and Cartilage Turnover

Woitge

Seibel

2017

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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Over the past few decades, scientists have been trying to identify tissue-specific markers that would help to better understand the pathogenesis of bone and cartilage diseases and could be used clinically for the screening, diagnosis and follow-up of bone or joint diseases. Historically, only a few components known to be involved in bone, mineral or cartilage turnover were available for this purpose (e. g., urine hydroxyproline, serum and urine calcium and phosphate levels). However, since most if not all of these substances have wider biological functions beyond bone, mineral and cartilage metabolism, their clinical value as tissue-specific markers was limited. Hence, there was a need to identify more specific indices of bone and cartilage metabolism. Since the 1980s, a number of collagenous and non-collagenous breakdown products as well as cell-specific enzymes have been discovered and developed into markers of musculoskeletal tissue metabolism. This review describes their chemical and biological function, available analytical methods and possible clinical applications.

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“…The CTGF-induced VSMC calcification is associated with the induction of bone markers, including ALP, OC and OPG, demonstrating the transdifferentiation of VSMCs into osteoblast-like cells. It has been demonstrated in previous studies that ALP genes are early markers of the transdifferentiation of VSMCs into phenotypically osteoblast-like cells, and that OC proteins are indicators of the late stage of transdifferentiation (42,43). OPG is a key regulator of osteoclastogenesis and may protect cells from arterial calcification (44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connective tissue growth factor induces osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells through ERK signaling

Huang

et al. 2013

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by promoting vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth, migration, apoptosis, adhesion and the secretion of matrix components. The osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs is essential in the development of vascular calcification. However, the role of CTGF in the transdifferentiation and calcification of VSMCs is unclear. In the present study, we examined whether CTGF stimulates VSMC transdifferentiation. Primary VSMCs were obtained from mouse thoracic aortas by enzymatic digestion and identified by immunostaining for smooth muscle specific α-actin antibody (α-SMA). VSMC calcification was induced by the addition of CTGF to the osteogenic mediaum containing 5-10% FBS in the presence of 0.25 mM ascorbic acid and 10 mM β-glycerophosphate for 14 days. Calcified cells were determined by Alizarin Red S staining. Our results revealed that CTGF induced the expression of several bone markers, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and core-binding factor subunit α1 (Cbfα1)/runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), as well as calcification. However, the inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity using the ERK-specific inhibitor, PD98059, blocked the induction of these proteins and VSMC calcification. Based on these data, we conclude that CTGF stimulates the transdifferentiation of VSMCs into osteoblasts and that the ERK signaling pathway appears to play a critical role in this process.

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Plasma membranes from human liver contain an enzyme activity that removes the membrane anchor of alkaline phosphatase and converts it to a plasma-like form

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Myocardial oxidative stress, osteogenic phenotype, and energy metabolism are differentially involved in the initiation and early progression of δ-sarcoglycan-null cardiomyopathy

Myocardial oxidative stress, osteogenic phenotype, and energy metabolism are differentially involved in the initiation and early progression of δ-sarcoglycan-null cardiomyopathy

Markers of Bone and Cartilage Turnover

Connective tissue growth factor induces osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells through ERK signaling

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