Plasma membrane properties and receptors in white adipose tissue

Lafontan, Max; Berlan, Michel

doi:10.1016/b978-0-408-10857-7.50012-9

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 310 publications

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“…This technique, which utilized mild preparative conditions favoring preservation of membrane properties, was rapid compared with density-gradient ultracentrifugation, although it was not extensively used (233). An improvement in the purification procedures of fat cell plasma membranes has been an essential step in fat cell biology (210). The availability of purified plasma membrane preparations has acted as an important impetus for attempts to isolate and study miscellaneous enzymes, receptors, and transport systems in fat cells.…”

Section: Isolated Fat Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical perspectives in fat cell biology: the fat cell as a model for the investigation of hormonal and metabolic pathways

Lafontan

2012

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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Lafontan M. Historical perspectives in fat cell biology: the fat cell as a model for the investigation of hormonal and metabolic pathways. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 302: C327-C359, 2012. First published September 7, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00168.2011.-For many years, there was little interest in the biochemistry or physiology of adipose tissue. It is now well recognized that adipocytes play an important dynamic role in metabolic regulation. They are able to sense metabolic states via their ability to perceive a large number of nervous and hormonal signals. They are also able to produce hormones, called adipokines, that affect nutrient intake, metabolism and energy expenditure. The report by Rodbell in 1964 that intact fat cells can be obtained by collagenase digestion of adipose tissue revolutionized studies on the hormonal regulation and metabolism of the fat cell. In the context of the advent of systems biology in the field of cell biology, the present seems an appropriate time to look back at the global contribution of the fat cell to cell biology knowledge. This review focuses on the very early approaches that used the fat cell as a tool to discover and understand various cellular mechanisms. Attention essentially focuses on the early investigations revealing the major contribution of mature fat cells and also fat cells originating from adipose cell lines to the discovery of major events related to hormone action (hormone receptors and transduction pathways involved in hormonal signaling) and mechanisms involved in metabolite processing (hexose uptake and uptake, storage, and efflux of fatty acids). Dormant preadipocytes exist in the stroma-vascular fraction of the adipose tissue of rodents and humans; cell culture systems have proven to be valuable models for the study of the processes involved in the formation of new fat cells. Finally, more recent insights into adipocyte secretion, a completely new role with major metabolic impact, are also briefly summarized. history; adipocytes; insulin action; 3T3-L1 cells; glucose transport; fatty acids; lipolysis; catecholamines; preadipocytes SINCE THE EARLIEST TIMES, attention has been directed toward fat-related questions. It is currently accepted that the ability to store fat in adipose tissue was a major advantage for survival during cold winters and periods of food shortage for our "primitive" hunter ancestors. However, in modern societies, with increased food availability and nutritional efficacy, excessive fat deposition is frequently associated with degenerative or metabolic diseases. As early as 1901, life insurance companies noted that excess weight, particularly around the abdomen, was linked to reduced life expectancy. The risk was confirmed in the seminal studies of Vague (366) in Marseilles, who established the importance of abdominal (central) obesity in conferring excess mortality. The health hazard of obesity is not considered in the present review, which, rather, focuses on adipose tissue and adipocytes.

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Section: Isolated Fat Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical perspectives in fat cell biology: the fat cell as a model for the investigation of hormonal and metabolic pathways

Lafontan

2012

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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“…Adenosine. This metabolite is produced actively by adipose tissue and inhibits the rate of lipolysis (Honnor et al, 1985;Lafontan and Berlan, 1985). Adenosine inhibited epinephrinestimulated porcine adipose tissue lipolysis in vitro by decreasing the response of the tissue to a given dose of epinephrine without changing the maximal response (Mersmann, 1984c).…”

Section: Incubation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Measurements of Glucose Metabolism and Lipolytic Rates in Porcine Adipose Tissue Slices in Vitro

Mersmann

1987

Journal of Animal Science

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Porcine adipose tissue glucose metabolism and lipolytic rates have been measured for many years by numerous investigators. However, there is little or no documented indication of the effects of variation in tissue handling procedures or variations in incubation medium components on metabolic rates. We have systematically varied conditions to provide such documentation for these much used techniques. The temperature (18 to 38 C) of tissue during transport had little effect. The medium for tissue transport probably should be buffered. Use of Hepes buffer at greater than 10 or 25 mM in incubation media inhibited glucose metabolism and lipolysis. Calcium ion effects on glucose metabolism or lipolysis could not be demonstrated. Dimethyl sulfoxide should not be used routinely. Ascorbate at .56 mM did not inhibit glucose metabolism or lipolysis. Glucose metabolism was increased by glucose concentration to about 5 mM and not inhibited at higher concentrations; we recommend 10 or 20 mM glucose to ensure maximal rates. Insulin stimulated glucose metabolism but effects were slight, not related to insulin concentration and not consistently observed. Addition of some albumin preparations did not allow expression of insulin stimulation; we recommend albumin be omitted or, if included, carefully monitored. Lipolytic rates were dependent on albumin concentration, but rates were similar with all albumin preparations. Insulin markedly inhibited hormone-stimulated but not basal lipolysis. Adenosine, an inhibitor of lipolysis, did not affect glucose metabolism rates. An artificial oxygen carrier did not increase anabolic activity. Incubation in serum increased rates of glucose metabolism relative to lipolysis so that refinement of the incubation might lead to greater anabolic than catabolic rates in vitro to reflect the status of adipose tissue in growing pigs in vivo. Tissue handling and incubation conditions can markedly affect metabolic rates, and should be understood and controlled.

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“…Adipose tissue (Lafontan and Berlan, 1985) including porcine (Bocklen et ai., 1986) and bovine (Jaster and Wegner, 1981) has f3-adrenergic receptors and stimulation of these receptors causes activation of hormone-sensitive lipase, which cleaves triacylglycerol to glycerol and free fatty acids Vernon and Clegg, 1985). Stimulation of adipose tissue lipolysis would provide a mechanism to explain the reduced adipose tissue mass in animals administered analogues of norepinephrine.…”

Section: Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Growth Regulation

1989

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Plasma membrane properties and receptors in white adipose tissue

Cited by 6 publications

References 310 publications

Historical perspectives in fat cell biology: the fat cell as a model for the investigation of hormonal and metabolic pathways

Historical perspectives in fat cell biology: the fat cell as a model for the investigation of hormonal and metabolic pathways

Factors Affecting Measurements of Glucose Metabolism and Lipolytic Rates in Porcine Adipose Tissue Slices in Vitro

Animal Growth Regulation

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