“…Finally, the scope of microplasmas for biomedical applications goes beyond decontamination and sterilisation. For example, microplasmas have been used for blood coagulation217, 225 and tissue ablation226 in surgery, DNA extraction,227 apoptosis induction of cancer cells,9, 228 cell manipulation for cell adhesion control229 and DNA transfection,230 and more recently wound healing 216. These are at varying stages of their development, each of which can benefit significantly from a fundamental understanding of particle kinetics of microplasmas and each of which offers stimuli to the advancement of fundamental microplasma science.…”