Plasma Leptin Levels and Body Fat Distribution

Takahashi, Mitsue; Funahashi, Tohru; Shimomura, Iichiro; Miyaoka, Koji; Matsuzawa, Y

doi:10.1055/s-2007-979893

Cited by 88 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(2 reference statements)

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“…A Minocci et al visceral 14 or with subcutaneous tissue alone; 7,13 in other studies no relationship was found between leptin and fat distribution. 9,11,16 The results of our study are partially at variance with those obtained by Shimizu et al 17 using the same ultrasonographic method in a series of 104 lean healthy subjects.…”

Section: Leptin and Fat Distribution In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Leptin plasma concentrations are dependent on body fat distribution in obese patients

et al. 2000

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AIM: To evaluate whether fat distribution plays a role in determining serum leptin concentrations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One-hundred and forty-seven obese patients, 77 males and 70 females, aged 45.1 AE 13.2 y (mean AE s.d.; range 21 ± 73 y), with body mass index (BMI) ranging from 30 to 55 kgam 2 (mean 42.3 AE 5.9). Ultrasound assessment of the thickness of subcutaneous and preperitoneal fat was carried out and calculation of their ratio as abdominal fat index (AFI), waist ± hip ratio (WHR), body composition by bioelectrical impedance to evaluate the percentage of fat mass (FM%) and total amount of fat (FMKg) were also determined. Plasma leptin was measured by radio immuno assay (RIA). RESULTS: In the whole group of patients, serum leptin concentrations were 37.2 AE 18.4 ngaml (range 6 ± 101.3 ngaml); in spite of BMI values not being signi®cantly different, women had leptin values signi®cantly higher (47.4 AE 17.4 ngaml) (P`0.01) than males (28.1 AE 15.1 ngaml), also after correction for fat mass. The mean thickness of abdominal subcutaneous fat was 33.7 AE 12.9 mm and it was signi®cantly (P`0.001) higher in female (40.9 AE 10.6 mm) than in male (27.1 AE 11.2 mm) patients; preperitoneal thickness was 22.9 AE 7.1 mm, with signi®cantly (P`0.05) higher values in males (24.2 AE 6.8 mm) than in females (21.7 AE 7.3 mm). Accordingly, AFI (in all patients 0.84 AE 0.6) was signi®cantly higher in males (1.09 AE 0.6) than in females (0.56 AE 0.2). In the overall population, leptin concentrations were directly and signi®cantly related to subcutaneous but not preperitoneal fat; they showed a strong inverse relationship with AFI and WHR. When the results were evaluated dividing the patients according to gender, subcutaneous fat thickness showed a stronger association with leptin levels in males than in females, whereas no association was found with preperitoneal fat thickness. Leptin and AFI values were signi®cantly related only in men. WHR values were not correlated with leptin concentrations in either sex. When fat mass was added to the model, subcutaneous fat thickness, AFI and WHR remained independently associated with leptin concentrations. Age and diabetes did not in¯uence these measures. CONCLUSIONS: Fat distribution contributes to the variability in serum leptin in obese patients. In particular, subcutaneous abdominal fat is a determinant of leptin concentration, also independently of the amount of fat mass, whereas the contribution of preperitoneal visceral fat is not signi®cant.

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Section: Leptin and Fat Distribution In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Leptin plasma concentrations are dependent on body fat distribution in obese patients

et al. 2000

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“…Furthermore, the lack of increase in UCP2 mRNA levels in PWAT suggests that there is a difference in response to leptin depending on the WAT depot. It is known that leptin synthesis is depot-dependent, with subcutaneous fat contributing to serum leptin levels to a greater extent than visceral fat (Takahashi et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UCP2, UCP3 and leptin gene expression: modulation by food restriction and leptin

Scarpace¹,

Nicolson²,

Matheny³

1998

Journal of Endocrinology

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To determine the effects of food restriction and leptin administration on several transcripts involved in energy homeostasis, we examined leptin, uncoupling proteins (UCP) 1, 2 and 3, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), 3 -adrenergic receptors ( 3 AR) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) mRNA levels in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and epididymal (EWAT) and perirenal (PWAT) white adipose tissue in three groups of rats. The groups were administered leptin for 1 week, or had food restricted to the amount of food consumed by the leptin-treated animals, or had free access to food. Leptin administration increased serum leptin concentrations 50-fold and decreased food consumption by 43%, whereas serum insulin and corticosterone concentrations were unchanged. Leptin increased LPL mRNA by 80%, UCP1 mRNA twofold, and UCP3 mRNA levels by 62% in BAT, and increased UCP2 mRNA levels twofold in EWAT. In contrast, UCP2 mRNA levels were unchanged in PWAT and BAT. In WAT from food-restricted rats, leptin gene expression was diminished by 40% compared with those fed ad libitum. With leptin administration, there was a further 50% decrease in leptin expression. LPL mRNA levels were decreased by food restriction but not by leptin in WAT, whereas 3 AR and HSL mRNA levels were unchanged with either food restriction or leptin treatment. The present study indicates that leptin increases the gene expression of UCP2 in EWAT and that of UCP1, UCP3 and LPL in BAT, whereas reduced food consumption but not leptin, decreases LPL expression in WAT. In addition, with leptin administration there is a decrease in leptin gene expression in WAT, independent of food intake and serum insulin and corticosterone concentrations.

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“…The plasma level of leptin was well correlated with subcutaneous fat area in humans. However, no significant increase was found in non-obese men with various amounts of visceral fat (13). Thus, the amount of subcutaneous fat contributes to the determination of the plasma leptin level more profoundly than visceral fat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Role of Adipocytokines on the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis in Visceral Obesity.

et al. 1999

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Plasma Leptin Levels and Body Fat Distribution

Cited by 88 publications

References 1 publication

Leptin plasma concentrations are dependent on body fat distribution in obese patients

Leptin plasma concentrations are dependent on body fat distribution in obese patients

UCP2, UCP3 and leptin gene expression: modulation by food restriction and leptin

Role of Adipocytokines on the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis in Visceral Obesity.

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