Plasma leptin concentrations and four-year weight gain among US men

Chu, Nain-Feng; Spiegelman, Donna; J, Yu; Rifai, Nader; Gs, Hotamisligil; Eb, Rimm

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801549

Cited by 65 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Hence hyperinsulinemia or hyperleptinemia will develop. This may explain why elevated leptin was associated with weight gain among obese subjects in our population 69 and why associations of HbA1c and sTNF-R on leptin concentrations were limited to overweight subjects. Similar to our results, in a study of 42 obese subjects and 16 controls, Corica et al 41 found an association between leptin and sTNF-R1 in obese participants; however, they did not have a measure of long-term glycemic status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Glycemic status and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor levels in relation to plasma leptin concentrations among normal weight and overweight US men

et al. 2000

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OBJECTIVE: Leptin, an adipocyte-derived protein product of the obesity (ob) gene, is a multifunctional polypeptide associated with the development of obesity-related disorders in humans. There is considerable inter-individual variation in plasma leptin even among subjects with comparable obesity levels, which suggests that factors other than adipose mass may be involved in the regulation of leptin expression andaor production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential role of glycemic status and adipose-derived cytokines in regulating plasma leptin levels among normal and overweight men. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS AND MEASUREMENTS: We measured plasma leptin, insulin, c-peptide and plasma soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNF-R) concentrations in 178 men. The subjects were selected from the Health Professionals Followup Study (HPFS), and aged 47 ± 64 y in 1994, were free of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, malignant neoplasms, and had provided a fasting blood sample and a detailed lifestyle questionnaire. RESULTS: Men in the highest quintile of plasma leptin (mean 12.7 ngaml) weighed more, were less physically active and had higher circulating insulin, c-peptide, sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2 concentrations than men in the lowest quintile (mean 2.8 ngaml). We found a signi®cant correlation between plasma insulin, c-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and sTNF-R1 on leptin concentrations (with Spearman correlation coef®cients ranging from 0.17 to 0.48 and all P`0.05). Only HbA1c and sTNF-R1 were independently and positively associated with plasma leptin after further adjusting for body mass index and other metabolic parameters of interest. Interestingly, these observed associations were limited to men with a BMI !25 kgam 2 . CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that glucose homeostasis and the activity of the TNF system may modulate leptin secretion and production among overweight men. Glucose homeostasis and TNF-a a is important in metabolic disorders related to hyperleptinemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Glycemic status and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor levels in relation to plasma leptin concentrations among normal weight and overweight US men

et al. 2000

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“…30 Moreover, in a prospective analysis of the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study of overweight men, weight gain over 4 years was associated with a high leptin level. 53 In conclusion, the weight loss intervention utilized in this study produced significant changes in body weight and in leptin concentrations at the 6-and 18-month follow-up. In contrast to some existing studies, exercise alone did not affect leptin concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Is serum leptin related to physical function and is it modifiable through weight loss and exercise in older adults with knee osteoarthritis?

et al. 2004

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OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of weight loss and exercise interventions on serum leptin and to investigate the relationship of physical function and osteoarthritis (OA) severity with serum leptin in older overweight and obese adults with knee OA. In addition, the study examined if serum leptin predicts weight loss. DESIGN: Longitudinal, controlled clinical trial of weight loss and exercise interventions. SUBJECTS: Community dwelling, older, overweight and obese adults (n ¼ 316; 460 years of age; body mass index Z28.0 kg m À2 ) with symptomatic knee OA and self-reported difficulty in performing selected physical activities were recruited. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomized into one of four groups for the 18-month study duration: Healthy Lifestyle Controls, Dietary Weight Loss (Diet), Exercise Training (Exercise), and a combination of Dietary Weight Loss and Exercise Training (Diet þ Exercise). The weight loss goal for the two Diet groups was 5% from baseline at 18 months. Participants in the Exercise groups were trained for 3 days week À1 , 60 min day À1 . MEASUREMENTS: Body weight, body mass index, serum leptin, physical function, and OA severity were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 18 months. RESULTS: Diet and Diet þ Exercise groups lost 5.3 and 6.1% of their weight, respectively, at 18 months with the Exercise group losing 2.9%. There was a significant main effect of weight loss on serum leptin with a decrease in serum leptin averaged across the 6-and 18-month time points for the Diet and Diet þ Exercise groups compared to the other two groups (b ¼ 0.245; Po0.01). No main effect for exercise training was observed. Serum leptin was related to self-reported physical function. In all participants, a mixed model analysis demonstrated that lower levels of baseline serum leptin predict larger weight loss (b ¼ À2.779; P ¼ 0.048). CONCLUSION: Decreases in serum leptin may be one mechanism by which weight loss improves physical function and symptoms in OA patients.

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“…Previously we found a direct association between plasma leptin concentrations and subsequent weight gain in a 4 y follow-up of 268 men. 14 This positive association was limited to overweight men (BMI!25 kgam 2 ), which suggests that hyperleptinemia coupled with leptin resistance may trigger weight gain among obese subjects. With the exception of large changes in obesity, few other factors have been identi®ed which can modify leptin concentrations (or leptin resistance).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Because hyperleptinemia may be associated with weight gain among overweight subjects, we conducted analyses strati®ed by obesity level to evaluate modi®able factors associated with leptin concentrations. Table 4 shows the mean ( AE s.d.)…”

Section: Multivariate Regression Models Of Dietary and Lifestyle Factmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and lifestyle factors in relation to plasma leptin concentrations among normal weight and overweight men

et al. 2001

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OBJECTIVE: Leptin, the product of the obesity (ob) gene, is a multi-functional polypeptide that is important in energy metabolism, which is strongly correlated with body fat mass and body mass index (BMI). In a recent prospective study, we found that leptin was positively associated with 4 y weight gain among overweight and obese men. This suggests that leptin resistance, marked by hyperleptinemia among obese subjects, may be an important marker for weight gain. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether modi®able dietary and lifestyle factors are associated with plasma leptin concentrations among US men. METHODS: We included 268 men aged 47 ± 83 y (who were free of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and cancer, except nonmelanoma skin cancer) from the ongoing Health Professionals Follow-up Study. These subjects completed a detailed dietary and lifestyle questionnaire (including cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and physical activity) and provided a fasting venous blood sample in 1994. All blood samples were stored in a deep freeze (À 70 C) for 4 ± 5 y before being analyzed. Plasma leptin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Men in the highest quintile of plasma leptin (mean 14.4 ngaml) weighed more, were less physically active, and had higher total and saturated fat and cholesterol intake than men in the lowest quintile (mean 3.0 ngaml). Physical activity and current smoking were inversely associated with plasma leptin concentrations (P`0.001). A 20 MET difference in physical activity per week (equivalent to approximately 3 h of jogging) was associated with 0.38 ± 0.58 ngaml lower plasma leptin concentrations for normal weight and overweight men after adjusting for total energy and fat intake, BMI and other confounding variables. Total fat and monounsaturated fat intakes were positively associated with plasma leptin concentrations even after adjusting for BMI and other confounding variables; however, this association was limited to men of normal weight (BMI`25 kgam 2 ). CONCLUSION: These data suggest that physical activity may be a signi®cant determinant of plasma leptin concentrations in men. Increasing physical activity is associated with lower plasma leptin concentrations even after adjusting for BMI. Physical activity may lower leptin concentrations not only due to decreased body fat mass, but potentially through an increase in leptin sensitivity.

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Plasma leptin concentrations and four-year weight gain among US men

Cited by 65 publications

References 50 publications

Glycemic status and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor levels in relation to plasma leptin concentrations among normal weight and overweight US men

Glycemic status and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor levels in relation to plasma leptin concentrations among normal weight and overweight US men

Is serum leptin related to physical function and is it modifiable through weight loss and exercise in older adults with knee osteoarthritis?

Dietary and lifestyle factors in relation to plasma leptin concentrations among normal weight and overweight men

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