Plasma interleukin-2 levels and thyroid function in elderly patients with nonthyroidal illness

Allegra, Alessandro; Corica, Francesco; Buemi, Michele; Corsonello, Andrea; Rubino, Federico Maria; Addamo, F Raffaele; Bonanzinga, S; Mauro, Vittorio Nicita; Ceruso, D

doi:10.1016/s0167-4943(98)00010-7

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Regarding thyroid hormone status, TT3 levels were below the reference interval in patient group III and increased throughout the study, contrasting with a downward trend of free-thyroxine levels; moreover, changes in TT3 correlated with those in orosomucoid and CRP in the whole population. The so-called low triiodothyronine syndrome during illness has already been described by several authors (Danforth & Burger, 1989;Szabolcs et al 1993;Goichot et al 1994) and its pathogenesis has been hypothesized to involve cytokines (Boelen et al 1993(Boelen et al , 1995Allegra et al 1998). In view of these reports, our data suggest that the reduction of the inflammatory syndrome seen in our patients led to an increased rate of conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Nutritional status and energy expenditure in elderly patients with recent hip fracture during a 2-month follow-up

et al. 2000

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A 2-month follow-up of nutritional status was performed in forty elderly patients with recent hip fracture. Patients were nutritionally assessed on admission to our rehabilitation unit (day 0), then monthly (day 30, day 60) by measurement of resting energy expenditure (REE), anthropometric, impedance and biological variables. Patients were defined as undernourished (n 13) or normally nourished (n 27) on the basis of mid-arm circumference (MAC) and triceps skinfold thickness (TST) measurements. Seven patients recovered a walking autonomy and were discharged from the hospital before day 30 (group I) whereas thirteen patients were discharged after day 30 (group II); twenty patients remained in the study at day 60 (group III). MAC and TST decreased in normally nourished patients from group III throughout the study whereas they did not change in group II or in undernourished patients from group III. REE values in relation to fat-free mass were increased compared with normal values and were similar in the three groups on day 0; they did not change during the study. Daily energy intake in relation to body weight was higher in group I and increased in group II and in undernourished patients from group III throughout the study. In contrast, it was below the recommended value at day 0 and it did not significantly improve in normally nourished patients from group III. Serum albumin, transthyretin and transferrin levels on day 0 were below reference intervals in the three groups. Albumin levels increased in group III throughout the study. Inflammatory proteins decreased in groups II and III, with C-reactive protein levels returning to normal values in group II by day 30 and in group III at day 60, while orosomucoid levels did not become completely normal over this period. Our findings indicate no improvement in nutritional status in undernourished patients after surgery for recent hip fracture, despite an adequate energy intake. An insufficient spontaneous energy intake for normally nourished patients was associated with a delayed favourable outcome resulting in a prolonged duration of hospitalization. A hypermetabolic state persisted during the 3 months after surgery.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Nutritional status and energy expenditure in elderly patients with recent hip fracture during a 2-month follow-up

et al. 2000

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“…In many diseases or situations of inflammatory and noninflammatory stress (cardiac, renal, postsurgical, etc.) with healthy thyroid (nonthyroidal illness, euthyroid sick syndrome), this feed‐back determines a (29–32) decrease of TSH and FT3, because of inhibition of hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis (Fig. 2A) and at same time the stimulation of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of chronic idiopathic urticaria with l‐thyroxine: a new TSH role in immune response?

Aversano¹,

Caiazzo²,

Iorio³

et al. 2005

Allergy

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The reason of AT is associated to CIU and others allergical and autoimmune diseases is poorly known. The exclusive hormonal therapy reduces the symptoms of CIU and inflammatory response in many chronic diseases associated to AT. We suggest a stimulatory effect of TSH able to produce considerable changes of the immune response and immune tolerance in patients with AT causing target organs damage. The causal mechanism involves immune, nervous and endocrine system, sharing a common set of hormones, cytokines and receptors, in a unique totally integrated loop (the neuro-immuno-endocrine axis).

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“…We have recently observed that low NK cytotoxic activity in the elderly was associated with a lack of full health and overactivity of tumor necrosis factor · (TNF·) but not interleukin-6 (IL-6) [7,20]. Interestingly, it has been shown that decreased serum T 3 levels correlate with increased plasma concentration of TNF· [21] and IL-2 [22] in old patients with nonthyroid illness. These data indicate that the immunomodulatory activity of some cytokines has to be considered in determining the relationship between thyroid hormones and NK activity in the course of normal aging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Killer Activity and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Young and Elderly Persons

Kmieć

Myśliwska²,

Rachoń³

et al. 2001

Gerontology

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Background: On the basis that (1) multiple interactions exist between the hormonal and immune systems, and (2) aging is accompanied by changes in thyroid hormone metabolism and responsiveness, we postulate that thyroid hormones may be involved in the observed decrease in natural killer (NK) activity in a population of apparently healthy elderly subjects. The purpose of the study is to compare NK cytotoxic activity and serum concentrations of TSH and thyroid hormones in healthy old and young people, and to assess in vitro the effects of triiodothyronine (T₃) on NK activity. Materials and Methods: Sixteen of the 47 healthy old people (mean age 64 ± 5.2) were classified as optimally healthy, and the remainder as ‘almost healthy’ (according to the criteria of the Senieur protocol) [Ligthart et al., Mech Ageing Dev 1984;28:47–55]; the mean age of the healthy young people was 23.3 ± 2.3 years. NK cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was assessed using ⁵¹Cr release from K562 target cells. The cutoff level for defining low and high NK responses was set at a value of 20%. Serum concentrations of TSH, total thyroxine (T₄) and total triiodothyronine (T₃) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: NK activity in the ‘optimally healthy’ elderly was high (mean 41 ± 12%, SE), whereas ‘almost healthy’ subjects showed low NK activity (mean 6 ± 5%). Serum T₄ and TSH levels, but not T₃ concentrations were similar in both the young and old. We observed a significant correlation (r = 0.53, n = 21, p < 0.05) between the serum total T₃ level and the NK activity in the elderly individuals. Under in vitro conditions exogenous T₃ significantly increased NK activity in the elderly subjects who had serum T₃ values at the lower end of the reference range. However, no effect of T₃ on NK activity was observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from either old or young individuals who had serum T₃ levels at the midpoint of the range. Conclusion: Decreased serum concentrations of total T₃ may contribute to low NK activity in the ‘almost healthy’ subgroup of the elderly.

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Plasma interleukin-2 levels and thyroid function in elderly patients with nonthyroidal illness

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Nutritional status and energy expenditure in elderly patients with recent hip fracture during a 2-month follow-up

Nutritional status and energy expenditure in elderly patients with recent hip fracture during a 2-month follow-up

Improvement of chronic idiopathic urticaria with l‐thyroxine: a new TSH role in immune response?

Natural Killer Activity and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Young and Elderly Persons

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