Plasma Insulin Concentration was Increased by Long-Term Ingestion of Guava Juice in Spontaneous Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) Rats

Abstract

To investigate whether long-term ingestion of guava juice has anti-diabetes and/or anti-obese actions, we employed spontaneous non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and its control strain Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats. Thirty rats of each strain were divided into three groups consisting of glucose, vitamin E, and guava juice ingestion groups. Ingestion of these test solutions was continued from 9 to 32 weeks old. Serum lipid parameters including total cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol were measured. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at 32 weeks old rats and at 42 weeks old rats (10 weeks after discontinue of ingestion of guava juice), and then blood glucose levels and plasma insulin concentrations were measured. There were no significant differences in body weight, the amount of food intake and the volume of drink among the groups in OLETF rats. Although the blood glucose level in the guava juice group was not changed as compared with the glucose group, the amount of initial insulin secretion was significantly increased in OLETF rats and was restored by discontinue of ingestion of guava juice. Therefore, the longterm ingestion of guava juice may increase plasma insulin concentration in OLETF rats.

Antimicrobial Activities of Leaf Extracts of Guava (Psidium guajavaL.) on Two Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria

“…The many parts of the plant have been used in traditional medicine to manage conditions like malaria, gastroenteritis, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, wounds, ulcers, toothache, coughs, sore throat, inflamed gums, and a number of other conditions [3–5]. This plant has also been used for the controlling of life-changing conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity [3, 6–10]. In this study, we aim to evaluate the total extracts of P. guajava leaves, growing at Fort Valley State University, using various aqueous and organic solvents to establish if it is effective against killing or inhibiting the growth of foodborne bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis , and Bacillus cereus which can cause foodborne illness and spoilage.…”

Antidiabetic Synergistic Effects of Medicinal Plant Extract Mixtures on db/db Mice

“…The Pg extract contains various polyphenolic compounds such as polyphenol [29], terpenoids [4], flavonoids [23], and tannins [36]. These polyphenolic compounds showed various antidiabetic activities and Pg extract actually increased insulin secretion [24,34], insulin sensitivity by inhibiting the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) [15,28], and blocked the uptake of intestinal glucose by inhibiting the activity of the carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme [28]. The Ls extract used in this study was an ethanol extract including 1% corosolic acid, and polyphenolic compounds were removed during the extraction process and Ls extract contained less polyphenolic compounds than the Pg extract.…”

“…The plant extracts accomplish antidiabetic actions by way of pharmacological mechanisms including insulin-like activity [2,5,10], as well as increases in insulin sensitivity [15,22,26,28], insulin secretion [19,24,34,38,39], antioxidant activity [7,8,21,29], and restrain the activity of intestinal glycosidase [18][19][20][21]28]. The hypoglycemic effect of Lagerstroemia speciosa L. leaves was reported initially in early 1940 [11], and its antidiabetic effect has since been confirmed [16,34]. Effective antihyperglycemic activity has also been reported for Psidium guajava L leaves [1,4,25].…”

Concomitant Oral Ingestion of Germanium-132 and Curcumin Increased Mortality Rate by Aggravating Hepatic Dysfunction in Long-Evans Cinnamon Rats

“…Measurement of Plasma Enzymes ---After a rat was restricted by animal holding fabric, the tail vein was punctured with a 26-gauge needle, and then blood was sampled with heparinized capillary tubes (Drummond Scientific Co., Pennsylvania, U.S.A.), as previously reported. 25) Blood was sampled every month. After centrifugation, plasma was collected and stored at -80°C until assay.…”