Plasma Induced Graft Polymerization of Cationic and Fluorocarbon Monomers into Cotton: Enhanced Dyeability and Photostability

Abstract

The objective of this work was to increase color yield of direct dyes on cotton with the aid of grafted quaternary ammonium monomers. Plasma-induced graft polymerization of diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) and [2-(acryloyloxy) ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride (AOETMAC) on cotton followed by dyeing with direct dyes was studied using different concentrations of the monomers and plasma conditions, and the color yield was evaluated using K/S measurements. Colorfastness and staining after laundering were evaluated using the standard grayscale. A significant increase of 149% in color yield was achieved when 30 g/L of DADMAC was used. 100-300% increase in K/S was achieved when ~20g/L of AOETMAC was used. To enhance the wash and lightfastness of the direct dyes on cotton, plasma-induced graft polymerization of 1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorododecyl acrylate was achieved on the dyed cotton and showed considerable enhancement in both the wash and lightfastness.

Chemical Modification of Cotton Fabrics by a Bifunctional Cationic Polymer for Salt-Free Reactive Dyeing

“…To achieve the aim, a potential strategy is to enhance the affinity of reactive dyes toward the cotton fabrics. , Previous studies indicated that a few methods such as the use of cationic reactive dyes, , the development of the dyeing process, , and the modification of cotton fabrics were applicable and effective. , Among these efforts, the chemical modification of cotton fabrics was one of the most promising methods to reduce the consumption of inorganic salts in the reactive dyeing process . It was achieved by introducing amino or cationic groups into/onto cotton fibers through covalent bonding .…”

“…16,17 Among these efforts, the chemical modification of cotton fabrics was one of the most promising methods to reduce the consumption of inorganic salts in the reactive dyeing process. 18 It was achieved by introducing amino or cationic groups into/onto cotton fibers through covalent bonding. 19 It was found that the amino groups are more reactive than the primary hydroxyl groups to react with the reactive dyes.…”

Enhanced Dyeability and Wash Fastness through a Salt-Free Plasma-Induced Grafting of Cationic Monomers on Cotton Fabrics

“…However, due to the water-soluble groups in the active dye molecular structure, anions are formed in the dyeing liquid. During the dyeing process, electrostatic repulsion occurs between the dye anions and the cellulose anions, resulting in a low dye uptake rate [1]. The addition of electrolyte salt can reduce the charge repulsion by reducing the Zeta potential and promote the absorption of dye by cotton fibers [2].…”

“…The cationization modification of cotton fiber is an effective way to achieve salt-free dyeing with reactive dyes [1,[3][4][5]. After cationic modification of cellulose fiber, the surface of the fabric possesses positive charges, which can enhance the adsorption of anionic reactive dyes and help achieve salt-free dyeing [6].…”

Characteristic properties of unmodified polypropylene fabrics dyed with pigment dyes in aqueous medium for medical uses

“…Atmospheric pressure plasma and low pressure plasma are well known techniques for enhancing dyeability PP. A plasma discharge exposure of PP fabric followed by grafting monomers results in excellent dyeing properties [14][15][16][17][18].…”