Plasma hormones in pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer

Drafta, D; Schindler, A. E.; Milcu, S M; Keller, Evan T.; Stroe, E; Horodniceanu, E; I, Bălănescu

doi:10.1016/0022-4731(80)90231-9

Cited by 45 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Previous studies have evaluated either urinary oestrogen excretion (Persson & Risholm, 1964;Marmorston et al, 1965;Gronroos & Aho, 1968;Argeulles et al, 1973;Grattarola et , 1974;Thijssen et al, 1975;Morreal et al, 1979) or oestrogen concentrations in the blood (England et al, 1974;McFadyen et al, 1976;Malarkey et al, 1977;Adami et al, 1979;Drafta et al, 1980;Moore et al, 1982;Reed et al, 1983Reed et al, , 1985Secreto et al, 1983;Bruning et al, 1985;Siiteri et al, 1986;Wysowski et al, 1987) of breast cancer cases and controls. These studies have suggested that post-menopausal breast cancer cases have higher endogenous oestrogen levels than controls: five of the seven studies of urinary oestrogen levels found evidence of greater oestrogen excretion in cases (Persson & Risholm, 1964;Marmorston et al, 1965;Arguelles et al, 1973;Grattarola et al, 1974;Morreal et al,1979); of the studies comparing blood levels of E, and E2 in cases and controls, three of five found higher E, (Adami et al, 1979;Drafta et al, 1980;Reed et al, 1983) and eight of 11 found higher E2 levels in cases (England et al, 1974;McFadyen et al, 1976;Malarkey et al, 1977;Drafta et al, 1980;Moore et al, 1982;Reed et al, 1985;Bruning et al, 1985;Siiteri et al, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies have suggested that post-menopausal breast cancer cases have higher endogenous oestrogen levels than controls: five of the seven studies of urinary oestrogen levels found evidence of greater oestrogen excretion in cases (Persson & Risholm, 1964;Marmorston et al, 1965;Arguelles et al, 1973;Grattarola et al, 1974;Morreal et al,1979); of the studies comparing blood levels of E, and E2 in cases and controls, three of five found higher E, (Adami et al, 1979;Drafta et al, 1980;Reed et al, 1983) and eight of 11 found higher E2 levels in cases (England et al, 1974;McFadyen et al, 1976;Malarkey et al, 1977;Drafta et al, 1980;Moore et al, 1982;Reed et al, 1985;Bruning et al, 1985;Siiteri et al, 1986). The results of the present study provide evidence that the higher serum oestrogen concentrations of breast cancer cases are mirrored in the urine by higher urinary oestrogen excretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hormone levels in older women: a study of post-menopausal breast cancer patients and healthy population controls

Bernstein

Ross²,

Pike³

et al. 1990

Br J Cancer

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Summary Hormone concentrations in blood and total 12 h urine values were compared between 40 postmenopausal women with breast cancer and 40 control women in a study which carefully controlled for the possible confounding effects of age, weight and pregnancy history by individually matching cases and controls on these factors. Breast cancer cases had received only surgical treatment for their localised disease, which was diagnosed from 1 to 9 years before hormonal evaluation. Cases had 15% higher serum oestradiol levels (P=0.02), 40% more urinary oestradiol (P=0.03) and 44% more urinary oestriol (P=0.04) than control women. Cases also had higher levels of serum and urinary oestrone, but these differences were not statistically significant. The percentages of serum oestradiol not bound to albumin or sex-hormone binding globulin did not differ between cases and controls, nor were there statistically significant differences in the serum levels of prolactin, sex-hormone binding globulin or dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate. These results provide further support for the hypothesis that breast cancer risk is determined in part by post-menopausal serum oestrogen concentration.There is a substantial body of epidemiological, experimental and clinical evidence for a role of oestrogens in the aetiology of female breast cancer (Henderson et al., 1988). In premenopausal women, the major source of endogenous oestrogens is the ovary. Menopause signals a marked decline in the amount of circulating oestrogens and this decline is at least part of the explanation for the decreased risk of breast cancer associated with early menopause (Trichopoulos et al., 1972). Although breast cancer incidence continues to rise after menopause in US and European women, the rate of increase in breast cancer incidence decreases substantially. In post-menopausal women, the major source of oestrogen is the peripheral conversion of androstenedione in fat tissue (Grodin et al., 1973). This offers the most probable explanation for the association of obesity with increased risk of breast cancer in post-menopausal women (Lubin et al., 1985).In women, 40-50% of plasma oestradiol (E2) is bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and all but 2-4% of the remainder is bound to albumin (Anderson, 1974). With the development of relevant laboratory technology, attention has focused on evaluating whether the free, non-protein bound fraction of plasma E2 is higher in women with breast cancer than in other women, as free E2 is considered to be freely diffusible into cells and biologically available to receptors in target tissues (Siiteri, 1980); this may also be true of the non-SHGB bound E2 (Pardridge, 1986). This would further explain the effect of body weight on breast cancer risk in older women as increased weight is not only associated with higher post-menopausal oestrogen levels but also with reduced levels of SHBG and, therefore, with greater 'tissue availability' of oestrogens (Siiteri et al., 1981).A number of studies have compared endogenous oestrogen and ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormone levels in older women: a study of post-menopausal breast cancer patients and healthy population controls

Bernstein

Ross²,

Pike³

et al. 1990

Br J Cancer

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“…Urinary lized via the 16ct-hydroxylation pathway concentrations of estrone (El), 1713-estradiol (E 2 ) and estriol (E 3 ) were also quantified. White may be associated with breast cancer risk women who were subjects in a previous breast cancer case-control study at our institution were (29)(30)(31). Increased 16ct-hydroxylation eligible for inclusion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tistical significance of the difference in trol study conducted at our institution (35). Each urine sample was acidified and subthese variables between cases and controls The dates of diagnosis were 1 March 1987 jected to f3-glucuronidase/aryl sulfatase was evaluated using t tests of the natural through 31 necessary to obtain adequate reproducibilThe full study will include almost 100 Cases and controls were contacted; the ity of the 2-OHEI and 16oc-OHE 1 assays cases and 100 controls. We reported here most recent interviewees were contacted (HL Bradlow, personal communication), results from the first subset of the women first.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is considerable evidence that increased serum estrogen levels are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women (28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38); and increased urinary excretion rates of estrogen (estrone, estradiol and estriol conjugates) in postmenopausal breast cancer cases compared to controls have also been consistently found (39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46). In addition to increased serum estrogen levels, it has also been suggested that the pathway by which estrone (El) is metabolized may be important in determining breast cancer risk (47)(48).…”

Section: Project 2a Estrogen Metabolism In Breast Cancer Cases and Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hormones and Breast Cancer

Pike¹,

Welsch²,

Siiteri³

2013

Vitamins &Amp; Hormones

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Endogenous sex hormone levels and breast cancer risk

Begg

Kuller²,

Gutai

et al. 1987

Genetic Epidemiology

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Sex-steroid hormones are a major determinant of the risk of breast cancer. We evaluated the relationship between obesity and endogenous estrogen levels in 79 healthy, postmenopausal women. Thirty-nine of the women were siblings of patients with postmenopausal-onset breast cancer; the remaining women were age-matched (+/- 10 yr) controls. Our hypothesis was that the siblings of the breast cancer patients would weigh more and that this excess weight would lead to higher serum estrone levels. The choice of unaffected family members of breast cancer patients reduces the concern that results may have been influenced by the cancer rather than antecedent to its development. Our findings demonstrated a statistically significant excess estrone level in the siblings compared to the controls (58.9 vs 47.8 pg/ml, P = 0.005). The siblings weighed 4.3 kg more than the controls. Matched pairs analysis (sibling-control), adjusting for weight, also showed significant differences in serum estrone levels. These differences were observed despite comparability in dietary intake, medication use, and personal medical history. These findings represent the first time that higher estrogen levels have been measured in siblings of postmenopausal breast cancer patients. This observation may represent an important link in our understanding of the relationship between genetic and environmental risk factors of breast cancer. One approach to subsequent genetic studies of breast cancer may be to focus on the possible biological determinants such as sex-steroid hormone level receptors, oncogenes, and gene products and not on the "familial aggregation" of breast cancer.

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Plasma hormones in pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer

Cited by 45 publications

References 17 publications

Hormone levels in older women: a study of post-menopausal breast cancer patients and healthy population controls

Hormone levels in older women: a study of post-menopausal breast cancer patients and healthy population controls

Hormones and Breast Cancer

Endogenous sex hormone levels and breast cancer risk

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