Plasma haptoglobin and immunoglobulins as diagnostic indicators of deoxynivalenol intoxication

Abstract

This study aimed to discover potential biomarkers for dioxynivalenol (DON) intoxication. B6C3F1 male mice were orally exposed to 0.83, 2.5 and 7.5 mg/kg body weight (bw) DON for 8 days and the differential protein expressions in their blood plasma were determined by SELDI - Time-of-Flight/Mass Spectrometry (TOF/MS) and the immunoglobulins (Igs) G, A, M and E in the serum were investigated. 11.7 kDa protein was significantly highly expressed according to DON administration and this protein was purified by employing a methyl ceramic HyperD F column with using optimization buffer for adsorption and desorption. The purified protein was identified as a haptoglobin precursor by peptide mapping with using LC/Q-TOF/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS and this was confirmed by western blotting and ELISA. IgG and IgM in serum were decreased in a dose-dependent manner and IgA was decreased at 7.5 mg/kg bw DON administration, but the IgE level was not changed. To compare the expressions of haptoglobin and the Igs patterns between aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEA) and DON intoxications, rats were orally administered with AFB1 1.0, ZEA 240 and DON 7.5 mg/kg bw for 8 days. Haptoglobin was increased only at DON 7.5 mg/kg bw, while it was slightly decreased at ZEA 240 mg/kg bw and it was not detected at all at AFB1 1.0 mg/kg bw. IgG and IgA were decreased by DON, but IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE were all increased by AFB1. No changes were observed by ZEA administration. These results show that plasma haptoglobin could be a diagnostic biomarker for DON intoxication when this is combined with examining the serum Igs.

Highly deoxynivalenol contaminated oats and immune function in horses

“…In the studies with horses (Raymond et al 2003(Raymond et al , 2005, no DON-induced changes in serum haptoglobin were described, but this might result from the lower dosages used (3 and 5 mg DON/100 kg BW, respectively). The elevation of serum haptoglobin observed in the present study in conjunction with reduced IgA levels was also shown in mice (Kim et al 2008). Mice receiving daily 2.5 and 7.5 mg DON/kg BW, showed a 1.5-and 2.9-fold increase in serum haptoglobin levels.…”

An analysis of the phosphoproteome of immune cell lines exposed to the immunomodulatory mycotoxin deoxynivalenol

“…Recent reports highlight the value of urinary DON as a biomarker of recent exposure [12][13][14] while immunoglobulins and pro-inflammatory cytokines have been proposed as potential biomarkers of effect in relation to the immunomodulatory effects of the compound [8,15].…”

Proteomic analysis of the effects of the immunomodulatory mycotoxin deoxynivalenol

“…Despite these observations the etiology of many outbreaks remains unknown. Biomarkers promise to provide more objective measures of DON exposure in order to explore disease associations, but few such studies have been conducted although exposure of DON affects immune cells immunoglobulins and pro‐inflammatory cytokines 10–12. The identification of biomarkers of exposure has focused on the urinary levels of the parent compound and its glucuronide conjugate 13, 14.…”