Plasma Fluoxetine Concentrations and Clinical Improvement in an Adolescent Sample Diagnosed With Major Depressive Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, or Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Abstract

Fluoxetine response seems to be influenced by factors such as sex, diagnosis, or certain genes that might be involved in the drug's pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Clinical and pharmacogenetic studies are needed to elucidate further the differences between treatment responders and nonresponders.

One-Year Follow-up of Children and Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder: Relationship between Clinical Variables and Abcb1 Gene Polymorphisms

“…The present study is a follow-up of patients recruited in 2011-2013 in the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Service of the Institute of Neurosciences at the Hospital Clinic in Barcelona and who had participated in previous investigations [23,35]. A total of 83 children aged between 10 and 17 years and who met DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for MDD, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) were recruited.…”

“…FLX plasma levels were not measured in the present study. This decision was based on the lack of association between FLX plasma levels and antidepressant response [35,62] and the lack of a relationship between ABCB1 genetic variants and FLX plasma levels after 8 and 12 weeks of treatment [23]. As regards the study's strengths, it is important to note that the K-SADS-PL was administered by the same clinician at baseline and at 12 months after the index episode, and also that no previous follow-up studies of children and adolescents with MDD have assessed outcome and its relationship with the ABCB1 gene.…”

Treatment of Adolescent Substance Use Disorders and Co-Occurring Internalizing Disorders: A Critical Review and Proposed Model

“…Fortunately, several integrated treatment options have been developed, and below, we review these psychotherapeutic approaches with a focus on how they might inform current evidence-based practice as well as the development of new interventions. We confine our review to psychosocial interventions but note the robust literature on effective psychopharmacologic treatments for adolescent internalizing disorders (49, 50), particularly in dually diagnosed populations (51, 52). …”

Practical pharmacotherapy in child psychiatry: an update

“…Fluoxetine is the most widely studied antidepressant in young people, and plasma levels appear to be similar to those achieved in adults and not influenced by age (Blazquez 2014). Although fluoxetine is the recommended antidepressant for the treatment of depression in children and adolescents in the UK, in practice clinicians prescribe a wider variety of drugs.…”