Plasma Fatty Acid Profile of Gestating Ewes Supplemented with Fishmeal

Chee,

doi:10.3844/ajavsp.2012.67.74

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It is possible that circulating concentrations were not high enough to result in a large increase in the transfer of EPA and DHA to the fetus. In comparison to other studies in sheep (Capper et al, 2006;Or-Rashid et al, 2012), the concentrations of EPA and DHA in ewe plasma are low in the present study. This could be a function of our low supplementation rate compared with these two studies where fish oil was supplemented at 4.5% (Capper et al, 2006) and fish meal was supplemented at 4.73% (Or-Rashid et al, 2012).…”

Section: Lamb Plasma and Rbc Fatty Acidscontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…In comparison to other studies in sheep (Capper et al, 2006;Or-Rashid et al, 2012), the concentrations of EPA and DHA in ewe plasma are low in the present study. This could be a function of our low supplementation rate compared with these two studies where fish oil was supplemented at 4.5% (Capper et al, 2006) and fish meal was supplemented at 4.73% (Or-Rashid et al, 2012). Additionally, it is possible that ewes held onto EPA and DHA due to their important bioactive functions, rather than sending them to the fetus or into colostrum.…”

Section: Lamb Plasma and Rbc Fatty Acidscontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…A similar treatment × day interaction was observed previously in ewes that were supplemented with fish meal during late gestation (Or-Rashid et al, 2012). Changes in ewe plasma FA have been found to largely reflect the fatty acid composition of dietary supplements (Capper et al, 2007).…”

Section: Ewe Plasma Fatty Acidssupporting

confidence: 79%

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Prepartum fatty acid supplementation in sheep. II. Supplementation of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid during late gestation alters the fatty acid profile of plasma, colostrum, milk and adipose tissue, and increases lipogenic gene expression of adipose tissue1

Coleman

Murphy²,

Relling

2018

Journal of Animal Science

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The objectives of this study were as follows: 1) to establish whether feeding a source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to ewes during late gestation changes the fatty acid profile of colostrum, milk, ewe adipose tissue, and plasma and subsequently lamb plasma and red blood cells (RBC), and 2) to investigate the effects of EPA and DHA on mRNA expression in ewe adipose tissue. Eighty-four gestating ewes (28 pens, three per pen) were blocked by lambing day and assigned to a diet with an addition of fat at 0.39% of the DM during the last 50 d of gestation using Ca salts of a palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) high in palmitic and oleic acids or EPA + DHA. Blood samples were taken from ewes on days 20, 1 (parturition), and 30 and from lambs on days 1 and 30 for plasma fatty acid analysis. Fatty analysis of lamb RBC was performed on day 1. Colostrum samples were taken at lambing and milk samples on day 30 for fatty acid analysis. Subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were taken from one ewe per pen on day 20 for fatty acid analysis and gene expression analysis of 27 genes. Treatment × day interactions (P < 0.10) were observed for several isomers of C18:1, with concentrations that were greater in plasma of EPA + DHA ewes on day 20, but were not different on day 1 or 30. Plasma concentrations of EPA tended to be greater (P = 0.07), whereas DHA was greater (P < 0.001) in EPA + DHA ewes compared with PFAD ewes. There was no difference in EPA or DHA in adipose tissue with EPA + DHA vs. PFAD supplementation (P > 0.10). Concentrations of fatty acids with 6 to 10 carbons were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in colostrum and milk of EPA + DHA ewes. There was a treatment × day interaction with EPA + DHA ewes yielding greater EPA (P = 0.03) and DHA (P = 0.04) concentrations than PFAD in colostrum, but not in milk. Treatment × day interactions (P < 0.05) were observed for several C18:1 isomers with concentrations that were greater in EPA + DHA ewe colostrum, but were not different between treatments in milk. In lamb plasma and RBC, EPA and DHA were not different between treatments (P > 0.10). The expression of fatty acid synthase and leptin was significantly increased (P < 0.05), whereas the expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 tended to be increased (P = 0.08) by supplementation of EPA + DHA vs. PFAD. These results suggest that supplementation with EPA and DHA to ewes during late gestation alters the fatty acid profile of plasma, colostrum, and milk and may increase lipogenesis.

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Section: Lamb Plasma and Rbc Fatty Acidscontrasting

confidence: 95%

Section: Lamb Plasma and Rbc Fatty Acidscontrasting

confidence: 95%

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Prepartum fatty acid supplementation in sheep. II. Supplementation of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid during late gestation alters the fatty acid profile of plasma, colostrum, milk and adipose tissue, and increases lipogenic gene expression of adipose tissue1

Coleman

Murphy²,

Relling

2018

Journal of Animal Science

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Ovine hippocampal mRNA expression in offspring from dams supplemented with fishmeal and stress challenged in late pregnancy with endotoxin

et al. 2017

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Previous research has shown that adulthood disease can be attributed to stress events that occur during gestation. The objective of the present study was to determine whether maternal stress during late pregnancy, using a bacterial endotoxemia model, causes changes in hippocampal mRNA expression of candidate genes related to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) regulation in sheep. This study also sought to investigate whether maternal diets supplemented with fishmeal (FM) rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) offer protection to the fetus when subjected to maternal endotoxin stress. Using RT-qPCR, relative mRNA expression was assessed in both fetal lambs and 6-month-old lambs from dams supplemented with soybean meal (SM) or FM and challenged with either endotoxin or saline. From this it was found that fetal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) gene expression had a tendency to be altered during endotoxin challenge, however, in the 6-month-old offspring, MR and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene expression were differently altered across treatment groups. These results suggest that gene regulation within the hippocampus is altered into adulthood by maternal endotoxin stress and that dietary supplementation affects outcome.

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Maternal supplementation with fishmeal protects against late gestation endotoxin-induced fetal programming of the ovine hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

Fisher

Or-Rashid

Quinton

et al. 2014

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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Adverse uterine environments caused by maternal stress (such as bacterial endotoxin) can alter programming of the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) rendering offspring susceptible to various adulthood diseases. Thus, protection against this type of stress may be critical for ensuring offspring health. The present study was designed to determine if maternal supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) during pregnancy helps to protect against stress-induced fetal programming. Briefly, 53 ewes were fed a diet supplemented with fishmeal (FM) or soybean meal (SM) from day 100 of gestation (gd100) through lactation. On gd135, half the ewes from each dietary group were challenged with either 1.2 μg/kg Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin, or saline as the control. The offspring's cortisol response to weaning stress was assessed 50 days postpartum by measuring serum cortisol concentrations 0, 6 and 24 h post weaning. Twenty-four hours post-weaning, lambs were subjected to an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenge (0.5 μg/kg) and serum cortisol concentrations were measured 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 h post injection. At 5.5 months of age, offspring were also challenged with 400 ng/kg of LPS, and serum cortisol concentrations were measured 0, 2, 4 and 6 h post challenge. Interestingly, female offspring born to FM+LPS mothers had a greater cortisol response to weaning and endotoxin challenge compared with the other treatments, while female offspring born to SM+LPS mothers had a faster cortisol response to the ACTH stressor. Additionally, males born to FM+LPS mothers had a greater cortisol response to the ACTH challenge than the other treatments. Overall, FM supplementation during gestation combined with LPS challenge alters HPAA responsiveness of the offspring into adulthood.

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Plasma Fatty Acid Profile of Gestating Ewes Supplemented with Fishmeal

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Prepartum fatty acid supplementation in sheep. II. Supplementation of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid during late gestation alters the fatty acid profile of plasma, colostrum, milk and adipose tissue, and increases lipogenic gene expression of adipose tissue1

Prepartum fatty acid supplementation in sheep. II. Supplementation of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid during late gestation alters the fatty acid profile of plasma, colostrum, milk and adipose tissue, and increases lipogenic gene expression of adipose tissue1

Ovine hippocampal mRNA expression in offspring from dams supplemented with fishmeal and stress challenged in late pregnancy with endotoxin

Maternal supplementation with fishmeal protects against late gestation endotoxin-induced fetal programming of the ovine hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

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