Plasma estradiol, estriol, and progesterone in human pregnancy

Tulchinsky, Dan; Hobel, Calvin J.; Yeager, Elizabeth P.; Marshall, John R.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(72)90556-x

Cited by 25 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Concentrations of hormones used are shown in table 1[24,25,26,27,28]. Subsequent iodide uptake was measured after 6 h of incubation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To account for variation in tissue composition, results were expressed in cpm/µg DNA with DNA content being measured using a Qiagen DNA extraction kit. Pre-incubation with levels of the various pregnancy-related hormones [24,25,26,27,28] shown in table 1 was performed over 12 h. These values were selected as being in the range of representative values likely to be encountered in late pregnancy (17β-estradiol 15,000 pg/ml; progesterone 100 ng/ml; prolactin 100-200 μIU/ml; hCG <100 mIU/ml; oxytocin <10 IU/ml) [24,25]. Results of 125 I uptake are shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 as the changes in percentage of uptake compared to controls.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Iodide Uptake in Placental Primary Cultures

2013

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Background: Maintenance of adequate iodide supply to the developing fetus is dependent not only on maternal dietary iodine intake but also on placental iodide transport. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of different pregnancy-associated hormones on the uptake of radioiodide by the placenta and to determine if iodide transporter expression is affected by hormone incubation. Methods: Primary cultures of placental trophoblast cells were established from placentas obtained at term from pre-labor caesarean sections. They were pre-incubated with 17β-estradiol, prolactin, oxytocin, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and progesterone either singly or in combination over 12 h with ¹²⁵I uptake being measured after 6 h. RNA was isolated from placental trophoblasts and real-time RT-PCR performed using sodium iodide symporter (NIS) and pendrin (PDS) probes. Results: Significant dose response increments in ¹²⁵I uptake by trophoblast cells (p < 0.01) were observed following incubation with hCG (60% increase), oxytocin (45% increase) and prolactin (32% increase). Although progesterone (50-200 ng/ml) and 17β-estradiol (1,000-15,000 pg/ml) alone produced no significant differences in uptake, they facilitated increased uptake when combined with prolactin or oxytocin, with a combination of all four hormones producing the greatest increase (82%). Increased ¹²⁵I uptake was accompanied by corresponding increments in NIS mRNA (ratio 1.52) compared to untreated control cells. No significantly increased expression levels of PDS were observed. Conclusions: Pregnancy-associated hormones, particularly oxytocin and hCG, have a role in promoting placental iodide uptake which may protect the fetus against iodine deficiency.

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“…Concentrations of hormones used are shown in table 1[24,25,26,27,28]. Subsequent iodide uptake was measured after 6 h of incubation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Iodide Uptake in Placental Primary Cultures

2013

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“…In vitro studies show that PR-A acts as a repressor of progesterone responsiveness by inhibiting the transcriptional activity of PR-B at certain promoters [11–13]. In most species progesterone withdrawal occurs by a decrease in circulating progesterone levels [14–18]. Human parturition occurs without systemic progesterone withdrawal, and instead is thought to involve decreased responsiveness of the myometrial cell to PR mediated progesterone actions resulting in a functional progesterone withdrawal [8, 19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dynamical systems model of progesterone receptor interactions with inflammation in human parturition

Brubaker

Barbaro²,

Chance

et al. 2016

BMC Syst Biol

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BackgroundProgesterone promotes uterine relaxation and is essential for the maintenance of pregnancy. Withdrawal of progesterone activity and increased inflammation within the uterine tissues are key triggers for parturition. Progesterone actions in myometrial cells are mediated by two progesterone receptor (PR) isoforms, PR-A and PR-B, that function as ligand-activated transcription factors. PR-B mediates relaxatory actions of progesterone, in part, by decreasing myometrial cell responsiveness to pro-inflammatory stimuli. These same pro-inflammatory stimuli promote the expression of PR-A which inhibits the anti-inflammatory activity of PR-B. Competitive interaction between the progesterone receptors then augments myometrial responsiveness to pro-inflammatory stimuli. The interaction between PR-B transcriptional activity and inflammation in the pregnancy myometrium is examined using a dynamical systems model in which quiescence and labor are represented as phase-space equilibrium points. Our model shows that PR-B transcriptional activity and the inflammatory load determine the stability of the quiescent and laboring phenotypes. The model is tested using published transcriptome datasets describing the mRNA abundances in the myometrium before and after the onset of labor at term. Surrogate transcripts were selected to reflect PR-B transcriptional activity and inflammation status.ResultsThe model coupling PR-B activity and inflammation predicts contractile status (i.e., laboring or quiescent) with high precision and recall and outperforms uncoupled single and two-gene classifiers. Linear stability analysis shows that phase space bifurcations exist in our model that may reflect the phenotypic states of the pregnancy uterus. The model describes a possible tipping point for the transition of the quiescent to the contractile laboring phenotype.ConclusionsOur model describes the functional interaction between the PR-A:PR-B hypothesis and tissue level inflammation in the pregnancy uterus and is a first step in more sophisticated dynamical systems modeling of human partition. The model explains observed biochemical dynamics and as such will be useful for the development of a range of systems-based models using emerging data to predict preterm birth and identify strategies for its prevention.

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Pregnancy, Sex Hormones, and Exercise

Elliott‐Sale

2023

Sex Hormones, Exercise and Women

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Plasma estradiol, estriol, and progesterone in human pregnancy

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

Regulation of Iodide Uptake in Placental Primary Cultures

Regulation of Iodide Uptake in Placental Primary Cultures

A dynamical systems model of progesterone receptor interactions with inflammation in human parturition

Pregnancy, Sex Hormones, and Exercise

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