Plasma erosion switches with imploding plasma loads on a multiterawatt pulsed power generator

Stringfield, R.; Schneider, R. T.; Genuario, R. D.; Roth, I.; Childers, K.; Stallings, C.; Dakin, D. R.

doi:10.1063/1.329751

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It has long been speculated that an anomalous collision mechanism exists in the plasma and is responsible for the broad current channel observed in experiments.1 2 , ' 3 2 4 ' 25 Beside the usual instabilities, such as the Buneman, ion-acoustic, etc., which may be active in the switch, another electrostatic instability has been recently identified with many germane properties. 2 For these reasons, an ad hoc method will be used here to include the effect of the instability in the PIC simulations of the PEOS problem. The use of a particle code in the r -e plane to examine the instability in a small volume will be the subject of a future paper.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of collisional effects in the plasma erosion opening switch

Grossmann

Kulsrud

Neri

et al. 1988

Journal of Applied Physics

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During the conduction phase of the plasma erosion opening switch (PEOS), magnetic field has been observed experimentally to penetrate completely through plasmas up to 30 em long. Current channels in the main body of the plasma have been observed that are more than 10 em (or more than about 60 coHisionless skin depths) wide. In addition, the maximum current c<~rried by the swi.tch before opening (the conduction current) seems to scale roughly linearly wl~h plasma densIty n and switch length I. CoUisionless PIC code simulations of the plasma SWItch show current conducted in skin-depth-like channels, with the conduction current sealing close to I /IS and n 1/4. In this paper, the effect of collisions on the behavior of the PEOS is investigated and is shown to bring the PIC simulations ancl experimental results in closer agreement. In collisional simulations, current channels as wide as those in experiments are observed, and the conduction current scales linearly with I and as n 1/2 in the anode-dominated ease. In the cathode-dominated case, linear scaling with both length and density can be inferred from lhe cathode penetration distance versus time.-

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of collisional effects in the plasma erosion opening switch

Grossmann

Kulsrud

Neri

et al. 1988

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Calorimetric measurements of beam energy were in good agreement with the electrical diode energy obtained from integration of VI(t). Agreement in shape demonstrates valid treatment of the bends, and the inductance of the vacuum feed obtained experimentally from short circuit shots (see Stringfield et al 1981). Figure 7 compares the computed and experimental corrected voltages, V alc , for R sf = 1-3 ft, R si = e K R s/ , and k = 2-5.…”

Section: Comparison Of Code and Experimental Switch Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…It may be attributed to a slightly high value of the water switch inductance: 190 nH, or crowbar failure of the current diagnostic (Stringfield et al 1981;Goldstein 1980). Slight mismatches between the experimental and computed waveforms arise after 150 ns, an effect also visible on the voltage waveforms.…”

Section: Comparison Of Code and Experimental Switch Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Short circuit shots are used to determine the experimental vacuum diode inductance and to calibrate front end diagnostics (Di Capua et al 1976;Stringfield et al 1981). Short circuit shots are used to determine the experimental vacuum diode inductance and to calibrate front end diagnostics (Di Capua et al 1976;Stringfield et al 1981).…”

Section: Comparison Of Code and Experimental Switch Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrical pulsed power generators of the 1 TW class

et al. 1985

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This paper reviews current trends in the technological design of electrical pulsed power generators of the 1 TW class. Using published data, design criteria for SIDONIX II, OWL II, KALIF and GAMBLE IIA are compared using a lumped circuit parameter. More precise predictions of machine performance are made with the GOST transmission line code. Code results show agreement to within 15% of the published experimental parameters. Electric stress limitations to power output are assessed for 1 TW level machines using empirical formulae and a finite element solution of Laplace's equation. The analysis is then used to study economic means of increasing output power so as to provide a multimodule approach to inertial confinement fusion at the 100 TW level.

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“…A distinguishing feature of such a diode is the existence of a phase of a low-resistance discharge with a resistance much smaller than the wave impedance of the driving generator, which precedes the high-resistance phase. The nonlinear properties of the resistance of the plasma-filled electrode gap were subsequently widely used for eliminating the high-voltage prepulse [2], for reducing the current rise time [3], and for increasing the output power in generators with intermediate inductive energy storage [4]- [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Increase of the Electron Source Based on the Plasma-Filled Diode

Zherlitsyn

Kovalchuk

Pedin

2015

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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The technique of a linear transformer driver (LTD) now allows building the generators of high-power nanosecond pulses with the current rise time of ∼100 ns without intermediate power compression stages. This technique is being examined for use in high-current high-voltage electron sources based on plasma-filled diodes. The power of a plasma-filled diode is determined by the driving circuit parameters and the transition diode resistance. The problem of power rise can be solved by increasing the stored energy in the circuit inductance provided that the diode resistance rise rate is constant. In experiments on the LTD (53 nF, 480 kV), the possibility has been checked out for such increase in the stored energy. A current increase from 50 to 180 kA was obtained by increasing the current rise rate from 0.4 to 1.9 kA/ns. Stored energy has been increased, respectively, from 0.2 to 3.6 kJ. The time of energy transfer into the circuit inductance was about 120-140 ns. Maintaining the diode resistance rise rate at 0.5 /ns has been shown. Diode power has been increased up to 170 GW. Further increase in power of the plasma-filled diode has been obtained using simulation circuit of the Megavolt (MV) range LTD. To simulate such a linear transformer, the driver circuit was made as Marx generator with coaxial water line (5.3 , 56 ns, and 1.5 MV), providing a current input of 160 kA into the 550-nH inductance in 120 ns. Stored energy in the inductance was about 7 kJ. The following diode parameters were obtained: 150 kA, 1.9 MV, and 250 GW at a resistance rise rate more than 0.5 /ns. The experiments prove that the resistance rise rate of the plasma-filled diode is constant on increasing the stored energy in the inductance up to 7 kJ. It allows scaling the power of an electron source based on the plasma-filled diode.

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Plasma erosion switches with imploding plasma loads on a multiterawatt pulsed power generator

Cited by 40 publications

References 5 publications

Investigation of collisional effects in the plasma erosion opening switch

Investigation of collisional effects in the plasma erosion opening switch

Electrical pulsed power generators of the 1 TW class

Power Increase of the Electron Source Based on the Plasma-Filled Diode

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