Plasma-derived Extracellular Vesicles Contain Predictive Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Myocardial Ischemic (MI) Injury

Cheow, Esther Sok Hwee; Cheng, Woo Chin; Lee, Chuen Neng; Kleijn, Dominique P.V. de; Sorokin, Vitaly; Sze, Siu Kwan

doi:10.1074/mcp.m115.055731

Cited by 104 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…To date, EVs have been investigated to examine injuries to the lung 199, 276 heart, 277, 278 and kidney 239, 240 , as well as indications of preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of liver and kidney damages. 243–245 For example, in an acute lung injury models, Moon et al .…”

Section: Clinical Applications Of Ev Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Technologies for Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles

et al. 2018

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are diverse, nanoscale membrane vesicles actively released by cells. Similar sized vesicles can be further classified (e.g., exosomes, microvesicles) based on their biogenesis, size and biophysical properties. Although initially thought to be cellular debris, and thus under-appreciated, EVs are now increasingly recognized as important vehicles of intercellular communication and circulating biomarkers for disease diagnoses and prognosis. Despite their clinical potential, the lack of sensitive preparatory and analytical technologies for EVs poses a barrier to clinical translation. New analytical platforms including molecular ones are thus actively being developed to address these challenges. Recent advances in the field are expected to have far-reaching impact in both basic and translational studies. This article aims to present a comprehensive and critical overview of emerging analytical technologies for EV detection, and their clinical applications.

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Section: Clinical Applications Of Ev Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Technologies for Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles

et al. 2018

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“…LC-MS/MS was performed as described previously [56]. Tryptic peptides were dissolved in 0.1% formic acid (FA) in 2% acetonitrile (ACN The underfill ratio was defined as 0.1%.…”

Section: Lc-ms/msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic expression of tRNA‐derived small RNAs define cellular states

et al. 2019

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Transfer RNA (tRNA)‐derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) have recently emerged as important regulators of protein translation and shown to have diverse biological functions. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of tsRNA function in the context of dynamic cell‐state transitions remain unclear. Expression analysis of tsRNAs in distinct heterologous cell and tissue models of stem vs. differentiated states revealed a differentiation‐dependent enrichment of 5′‐tsRNAs. We report the identification of a set of 5′‐tsRNAs that is upregulated in differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Notably, interactome studies with differentially enriched 5′‐tsRNAs revealed a switch in their association with “effector” RNPs and “target” mRNAs in different cell states. We demonstrate that specific 5′‐tsRNAs can preferentially interact with the RNA‐binding protein, Igf2bp1, in the RA‐induced differentiated state. This association influences the transcript stability and thereby translation of the pluripotency‐promoting factor, c‐Myc, thus providing a mechanistic basis for how 5′‐tsRNAs can modulate stem cell states in mESCs. Together our study highlights the role of 5′‐tsRNAs in defining distinct cell states.

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“…To date, technical improvements in proteomics have allowed a better understanding of EVs cargo leading to a better knowledge of their biological mechanisms and their effect on several diseases . Indeed, recent studies have described that the protein content of circulating EVs changes when transitioning from health to disease . For all these reasons, proteomics could be a crucial tool for the discovery and development of biomarkers in EVs research.…”

Section: Proteomics Approaches In Circulating Evs Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Last, Cheow et al . carried out a study, based on a label‐free strategy, to compare patients with MI and SA.…”

Section: Evs Proteomics In Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Extracellular Vesicles Proteomics to Cardiovascular Disease: Guidelines, Data Analysis, and Future Perspectives

et al. 2019

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous population of vesicles composed of a lipid bilayer that carry a large repertoire of molecules including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. In this review, some guidelines for plasma‐derived EVs isolation, characterization, and proteomic analysis, and the application of the above to cardiovascular disease (CVD) studies are provided. For EVs analysis, blood samples should be collected using a 21‐gauge needle, preferably in citrate tubes, and plasma stored for up to 1 year at −80°, using a single freeze–thaw cycle. For proteomic applications, differential centrifugation (including ultracentrifugation steps) is a good option for EVs isolation. EVs characterization is done by transmission electron microscopy, particle enumeration techniques (nanoparticle‐tracking analysis, dynamic light scattering), and flow cytometry. Regarding the proteomics strategy, a label‐free and gel‐free quantitative method is a good choice due to its accuracy and because it minimizes the amount of sample required for clinical applications. Besides the above, main EVs proteomic findings in cardiovascular‐related diseases are presented and analyzed in this review, paying especial attention to overlapping results between studies. The latter might offer new insights into the clinical relevance and potential of novel EVs biomarkers identified to date in the context of CVD.

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Plasma-derived Extracellular Vesicles Contain Predictive Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Myocardial Ischemic (MI) Injury

Cited by 104 publications

References 78 publications

New Technologies for Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles

New Technologies for Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles

Dynamic expression of tRNA‐derived small RNAs define cellular states

Application of Extracellular Vesicles Proteomics to Cardiovascular Disease: Guidelines, Data Analysis, and Future Perspectives

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