Plasma cytokines profile in older subjects with late onset Alzheimer’s disease or vascular dementia

Zuliani, Giovanni; Ranzini, Monica; Guerra, Gianluca; Rossi, Luisa; Munari, M.R.; Zurlo, Amedeo; Volpato, Stefano; Atti, Anna-Rita; Blé, Alessandro; Fellin, Renato

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.02.008

Cited by 203 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…A limitation to this study is the presence of confounding factors such as hypertension, diabetes and CHD which have been associated with both dementia (Qiu et al, 2005;Bergmann & Sano, 2006) and peripheral immune dysregulation (Aukrust et al, 2005;Kempf et al, 2006;Zuliani et al, 2006) although no differences in their incidence between controls and MCI subjects were found. Furthermore, the changes in the proportions of lymphocytes and granulocytes, and lymphocyte APP expression are relatively small and may not have immediately apparent clinical consequences in MCI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Immunophenotypes in the circulation of patients with mild cognitive impairment

Magaki

Yellon

Mueller

et al. 2008

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Alterations in the peripheral immune system are associated with dementia and the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease, but have yet to be studied early in the disease process. To test the hypothesis that the balance of immune cell phenotypes is disrupted in the early progression of memory deterioration, patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy elderly controls were examined for the distribution of subpopulations of leukocytes (lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes) and lymphocyte subtypes (helper/inducer and suppressor/cytotoxic T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes) in blood. MCI subjects had a significantly higher percentage of total lymphocytes and a lower percentage of granulocytes compared to elderly controls. Furthermore, the expression of cell surface amyloid precursor protein (APP) and intracellular amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) in lymphocytes and monocytes were determined. We found lymphocyte APP expression to be significantly increased in MCI subjects compared to controls. Our data indicate that changes in immunological parameters may be detected early in MCI, and an alteration of the immune response may precede clinical AD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Immunophenotypes in the circulation of patients with mild cognitive impairment

Magaki

Yellon

Mueller

et al. 2008

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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“…We and others previously showed that plasma levels of vasoactive agents and inflammatory cytokines such as serotonin, hs-CRP, IL-1 , and tumor necrosis factor-, were significantly higher in VaD patients than in AD patients 3,22,24) . Atherosclerotic indices, such as carotid IMT and the ankle-to-brachial index, were significantly greater in VaD than in AD 2,4,25,26) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Increased Plasma Urotensin-II and Carotid Atherosclerosis are Associated with Vascular Dementia

Ban

Watanabe

Suguro

et al. 2009

JAT

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Aim: Human urotensin-(U ) is a cyclic neuropeptide with potent vasoconstrictive activity in the vasculature. The expression of U and its receptor (UT) mRNA is detected at high levels in the brain. We evaluated the relationship between plasma U levels and vascular dementia (VaD) caused by stroke or atherosclerotic small vessel disease. Methods: Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), plaques, plasma levels of immunoreactive U (IR-U ), and atherosclerotic biomarkers were determined in 42 patients with VaD, 197 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 47 non-demented elderly controls. Results: Age, gender, body mass index, systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, leptin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels were not significantly different among these groups. IR-U , low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), lipid peroxides, interleukin-6, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, and maximum IMT were significantly higher in VaD than in AD patients or controls. IR-U level showed a significantly positive correlation with SBP or maximum IMT. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significantly independent association between IR-U levels or increased maximum IMT ( ≥ 1.1 mm) and VaD as compared with SBP, LDL cholesterol, and interleukin-6 levels. Conclusion: Increased plasma IR-U levels and carotid atherosclerosis may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of VaD.

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“…Plasma levels of IL-1 and TNF are higher in patients with vascular dementia and late onset Alzheimer's disease when compared to control and after adjustment for confounding variables. IL-6 was only increased in patients with vascular dementia (Krabbe et al, 2004;Ravaglia et al, 2007) but not in Alzheimer's patients (Zuliani et al, 2007). Alzheimer's patients present a decrease of CD8+T lymphocytes, a slight increase of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD19+ B lymphocytes compared to age-matched controls (Giunta et al, 2008).…”

Section: Neurodegenerative Disorders and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 88%