Plasma Concentrations of Carotenoids, Retinol, and Tocopherols in Preeclamptic and Normotensive Pregnant Women

Zhang, Cuilin; Williams, Michelle A.; Sanchez, Sixto E.; King, Irena B.; Ware-Jauregui, Suzie; Larrabure, Gloria; Bazul, Víctor; Leisenring, Wendy M.

doi:10.1093/aje/153.6.572

Cited by 75 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Decreased levels of b-carotene (Mikhail et al 1994;Palan et al 2001), lycopene (Palan et al 2001) and retinol (Zhang et al 2001) have been reported in women with pre-eclampsia, while another study has reported increased retinol levels (Williams et al 2003). Williams et al (2003), who sampled women in the early postpartum period, have also noted decreases in pre-eclampsia risk with increasing concentrations of a-carotene, b-carotene, b-cryptoxantin, lutein and zeaxantin, although such a relationship was not observed by Zhang et al (2001). Differences in study design, differences in population characteristics (such as maternal age, race or ethnicity), overall dietary intake habits, use of prenatal multivitamins and other nutritional supplements, and limited statistical power are likely to have contributed to the variability in results across studies.…”

Section: The Maternal Circulation and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could antioxidant supplementation prevent pre-eclampsia?

Holmes

McCance

2005

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pre-eclampsia is a disorder characterised by pregnancy-induced hypertension and new-onset proteinuria occurring in the second half of pregnancy. Worldwide, approximately 2-3% of all pregnant women develop pre-eclampsia. The condition is a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Abnormal placentation is an important predisposing factor for preeclampsia, while endothelial activation appears to be central to the pathophysiological changes, possibly indicative of a two-stage disorder characterised by reduced placental perfusion and a maternal syndrome. There is increasing evidence that pre-eclampsia is associated with both increased oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant defences, which has led to the hypothesis that oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia, perhaps acting as the link in a two-stage model of pre-eclampsia. In support of this hypothesis a small, but important, preliminary study has shown a highly significant (P = 0 . 02) reduction in the incidence of pre-eclampsia in women at risk who were taking a supplement of vitamins C and E from midpregnancy. Furthermore, these findings support the hypothesis that oxidative stress is at least partly responsible for the endothelial dysfunction of pre-eclampsia. Several larger multicentre trials are currently underway to evaluate the efficacy, safety and cost benefits of antioxidant supplementation during pregnancy for the prevention of pre-eclampsia in both low-and high-risk women, including women with diabetes. The results of these trials are awaited with interest.Antioxidants: Pre-eclampsia: Oxidative Stress: Pregnancy: Diabetes Chappell et al. (1999) have reported in a small, but important, study a highly-significant reduction in the incidence of pre-eclampsia in women at risk who were taking a vitamin C and E supplement (adjusted odds ratio 0 . 39 (95 % CI 0 . 17, 0 . 90), P = 0 . 02). Antioxidant supplementation in these women has also been shown to be associated with changes in indices of oxidative stress and placental function (Chappell et al. 2002b). Primarily, the results of this trial indicate that antioxidants may be beneficial in the prevention of pre-eclampsia and support the emerging concept that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia. Several multicentre trials are currently underway to confirm these results in larger groups of both low-risk and high-risk women. The present review gives an overview of pre-eclampsia, discusses the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of this disorder and illustrates why antioxidants may play a role in pre-eclampsia prophylaxis. Pre-eclampsiaPre-eclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy characterised by pregnancy-induced hypertension ( ‡ 140 mmHg systolic and/or ‡ 90 mmHg diastolic blood pressure) and newonset proteinuria ( ‡ 300 mg protein/d) occurring in the second half of pregnancy (Brown et al. 2001). Preeclampsia has several predisposing risk factors including: primiparity; age <20 years or > 40 years; high BMI; per...

show abstract

Section: The Maternal Circulation and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could antioxidant supplementation prevent pre-eclampsia?

Holmes

McCance

2005

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 Despite extensive research, the aetiology of pre-eclampsia is still one of the major unsolved mysteries in obstetrics. It is widely accepted that endothelial cell dysfunction resulting in vascular permeability plays an important role in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalase Activity, Serum Trace Element and Heavy Metal Concentrations, and Vitamin A, D and E Levels in Pre-Eclampsia

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Catalase (antioxidant enzyme) activity in erythrocytes and serum levels of trace elements (copper, iron, zinc), heavy metals (cadmium, cobalt) and vitamins A (retinol), D (cholecalciferol) and E (atocopherol) were measured in 145 subjects comprising 47 pre-eclamptic pregnant women (PE), 48 healthy pregnant women (HP) and 50 healthy non-pregnant controls (NP). Catalase, vitamins A, D and E and levels of cobalt were significantly lower in the PE group compared with the HP and NP groups, whereas levels of copper, iron and cadmium were significantly higher in the PE group than in the HP and NP groups. Levels of zinc were significantly lower in both the PE and HP groups compared with the NP group. This assessment of oxidant/ antioxidant imbalance in pregnant women could be useful in the early identification of pre-eclampsia and antioxidant supplementation in the early weeks of gestation might be useful.

show abstract

“…During pregnancy in humans, maternal blood volume increases 45-50%, and the vascular system must adapt to these increases in volume without dramatic changes in blood pressure. Either low or high maternal blood pressure during pregnancy can result in poor fetal outcomes in humans; however, systolic blood pressures in the SK3 T/T mice were similar to WT mice (16,29). A decreased peripheral vascular resistance in the SK3 T/T mice, as suspected from both uterine and mesenteric vessel changes, may decrease afterload of the heart, resulting in enhanced EF in these mice during pregnancy.…”

Section: E828 Sk3 Channels Induce Fetal Lossmentioning

confidence: 87%

Overexpression of the SK3 channel alters vascular remodeling during pregnancy, leading to fetal demise

Rada

Pierce

Nuno

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rada CC, Pierce SL, Nuno DW, Zimmerman K, Lamping KG, Bowdler NC, Weiss RM, England SK. Overexpression of the SK3 channel alters vascular remodeling during pregnancy, leading to fetal demise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 303: E825-E831, 2012. First published July 11, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00165.2012.-The maternal cardiovascular system undergoes hemodynamic changes during pregnancy via angiogenesis and vasodilation to ensure adequate perfusion of the placenta. Improper vascularization at the maternalfetal interface can cause pregnancy complications and poor fetal outcomes. Recent evidence indicates that small conductance Ca 2ϩ -activated K ϩ channel subtype 3 (SK3) contributes to vascular remodeling during pregnancy, and we hypothesized that abnormal SK3 channel expression would alter the ability of the maternal cardiovascular system to adapt to pregnancy demands and lead to poor fetal outcomes. We investigated this hypothesis using transgenic Kcnn3 tm1Jpad /Kcnn3 tm1Jpad (SK3 T/T ) mice that overexpress the channel. Isolated pressurized uterine arteries from nonpregnant transgenic SK3 T/T mice had larger basal diameters and decreased agonist-induced constriction than those from their wild-type counterparts; however, non-receptor-mediated depolarization remained intact. In addition to vascular changes, heart rates and ejection fraction were increased, whereas end systolic volume was reduced in SK3 T/T mice compared with their wild-type littermates. Uterine sonography of the fetuses on pregnancy day 14 showed a significant decrease in fetal size in SK3 T/T compared with wild-type mice; thus, SK3 T/T mice displayed an intrauterine growth-restricted phenotype. The SK3 T/T mice showed decreased placental thicknesses and higher incidence of fetal loss, losing over half of their complement of pups by midgestation. These results establish that the SK3 channel contributes to both maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy and point to the importance of SK3 channel regulation in maintaining a healthy pregnancy.small conductance Ca 2ϩ -activated K ϩ channel subtype 3; pregnancy; vasculature SUCCESSFUL PREGNANCY REQUIRES rapid and diverse changes in maternal cardiovascular physiology to ensure appropriate blood flow through the placenta (20). Dynamic changes in maternal heart rate, stroke volume, venous pressure, blood volume, and systemic vascular resistance result from formation of new blood vessels at the maternal-fetal interface and dilation of existing vessels (1). These adaptive changes are essential for providing oxygen and nutrients for, as well as eliminating waste from, the fetus. In humans, hemodynamic changes start at ϳ3 wk of gestation, with maximal variations from the nonpregnant state beginning in the second trimester. These two phases of hemodynamic change correlate temporally with common time frames for miscarriage and fetal loss. In mice, changes in heart rate and mean arterial pressure can be detected in the mother as early as pregnancy days 6 -8 compared with nonpregnant states (5). In both mice a...

show abstract

Plasma Concentrations of Carotenoids, Retinol, and Tocopherols in Preeclamptic and Normotensive Pregnant Women

Cited by 75 publications

References 35 publications

Could antioxidant supplementation prevent pre-eclampsia?

Could antioxidant supplementation prevent pre-eclampsia?

Catalase Activity, Serum Trace Element and Heavy Metal Concentrations, and Vitamin A, D and E Levels in Pre-Eclampsia

Overexpression of the SK3 channel alters vascular remodeling during pregnancy, leading to fetal demise

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About