Plasma Concentration of Irisin and Brain-Derived-Neurotrophic Factor and Their Association With the Level of Erythrocyte Adenine Nucleotides in Response to Long-Term Endurance Training at Rest and After a Single Bout of Exercise

Abstract

The study aimed to assess the effect of a single bout of incremental exercise on irisin and BDNF plasma concentrations as related to erythrocyte purine nucleotides concentration at rest and after exercise. Master endurance master athletes (training experience 38 ± 6 years) and a group of untrained participants completed a single bout of progressive incremental exercise test until exhaustion. The dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and blood collection were performed. Blood was taken twice at rest and 10 min after exercise. Concentrations of ATP, ADP, and AMP were assessed in the erythrocytes. Hypoxanthine and uric acid were determined in plasma using the high-performance liquid chromatography. Plasma concentrations of irisin and BDNF were assessed through the immunoenzymatic method. The ATP level, ATP/ADP ratio and AEC value were significantly higher in the athletic group. A significantly higher concentration of BDNF was it also noted in the trained group that correlated with the erythrocyte energy status at rest. The single session of exercise induced a significant increase in ATP erythrocyte levels in both groups. Both exerkines significantly correlated at rest with red blood cell adenine nucleotides and degradation products (BDNF positively and irisin negatively). The blood concentration of BDNF and irisin, in response to exercise, was not significantly different between groups. Obtained data revealed a higher erythrocyte energy status and lower purine degradation products concentration in master athletes. Also resting plasma exerkines differed substantially between groups. In conclusion, longterm training resulted in exercise adaptation reflected by a higher erythrocyte energy status, lower purine degradation products concentration and modified concentration of

The time course of irisin release after an acute exercise: relevant implications for health and future experimental designs

“…In literature, a previous study has failed to detect any changes in irisin expression after an acute bout of exhausting exercise. 14 Only some authors documented modest changes of irisin levels immediately following (0-10 min) an acute bout of incremental exercise, 9 , 11-13 failing to detect post-exercise changes (after 60 and 180 min). 12 , 13 Moreover, a meta-analysis has stated that irisin increased within 15 min, following an acute exercise.…”

“… 7 There seem to be a dose-response relationship between exercise and irisin elevation, 9 , 10 but contradictory results have been reported considering research that evaluate the irisin response to an incremental exercise until exhaustion. In particular, acute responses immediately (0-15 minutes) after a maximal incremental exercise test have shown either a slight rise 9 , 11-13 or no effects 14 on serum or plasma irisin levels, while the studies that have measured the amount of circulating irisin at least 30 min following an incremental exercise to exhaustion did not find significant changes in the myokine concentration. 12 , 13 The existing research seem to suggest that the elevation of irisin following an incremental exercise test to exhaustion is transient, and it is likely that after 24 hours the levels have returned to baseline conditions.…”

Changes in the Concentration of Purine and Pyridine as a Response to Single Whole-Body Cryostimulation

“…Erythrocytes were washed with buffered 0.9% NaCl solution and centrifuged (1,000 × g , 5 min, 4°C). The nucleotide concentration was determined in washed erythrocytes and expressed in relation to the volume of erythrocytes as previously described ( Pospieszna et al, 2019 ; Rodziewicz et al, 2020 ).…”

Exercise-induced modulation of myokine irisin in bone and cartilage tissue—Positive effects on osteoarthritis: A narrative review

“…In 2015, the results of a meta-analysis covering 12 studies in 8 articles reported that chronic resistance training unexpectedly and significantly reduced circulating concentrations of irisin in a randomized controlled trial and that irisin also tended to be reduced in endurance exercise (Qiu et al, 2015). In a study conducted by Rodziewicz et al (2020), the effects of a single incremental exercise on the plasma concentrations of irisin and BDNF were evaluated in subjects applying a treadmill for maximal fitness testing. While the study found a significant positive correlation between irisin concentrations and fasting glucose and insulin, no significant effect of irisin by exercise was observed (Rodziewicz et al, 2020).…”

“…In a study conducted by Rodziewicz et al (2020), the effects of a single incremental exercise on the plasma concentrations of irisin and BDNF were evaluated in subjects applying a treadmill for maximal fitness testing. While the study found a significant positive correlation between irisin concentrations and fasting glucose and insulin, no significant effect of irisin by exercise was observed (Rodziewicz et al, 2020). A recent systematic review and meta-analysis in 2021 compared the effect of exercise on irisin blood levels in 33 studies (Briken et al, 2016), with increased levels of irisin in 23 of these studies and decreased in another 10, with rather inconsistent results in individual studies.…”