Plasma cholesteryl ester fatty acid composition, insulin sensitivity, the menopause and hormone replacement therapy

Lewis‐Barned, Nick; Sutherland, W. H. F.; Walker, Robert; Jong, Sylvia A. de; Walker, Harvey; Edwards, Elizabeth A.; Markham, V.; Goulding, Ailsa

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1650649

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Because catechol estrogens have a strong inhibitory effect on arachidonic acid metabolism, their lower concentration after menopause may promote increased synthesis of leukotriene and higher risk for associated disorders 53. However, this assumption still needs to be examined further: the other studies either support54 or reject55 it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ALOX12 gene is associated with the onset of natural menopause in white women

et al. 2010

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Objective Natural menopause is a key physiological event in a woman’s life. Timing of menopause affects risk for many postmenopausal systemic disorders and may thus influence life expectancy. Age at natural menopause (ANM) is largely determined genetically, but a list of candidate genes is far from complete. This study investigated the ALOX12 gene for its possible association with ANM. Methods Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the gene (rs9904779, rs2073438, rs11571340, rs434473, rs2307214, and rs312462) were genotyped in a random sample of 210 unrelated white women. The SNPs and common haplotypes were then analyzed for their association with ANM. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and duration of breast-feeding were used as covariates. Results Two SNPs, rs9904779 and rs434473 (encodes a replacement of asparagine by serine in the protein), were significantly associated with ANM (P = 0.022 and 0.033, respectively). The minor alleles of both SNPs seem to promote about 1.3- to 1.5-year earlier menopause and confer a 1.6 to 1.8 times higher risk for early menopause. All SNPs indicated significant or nearly significant interactions with alcohol use and duration of breast-feeding. Five common haplotypes were also associated with ANM. Conclusions The ALOX12 gene seems to be associated with the timing of natural menopause in white women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ALOX12 gene is associated with the onset of natural menopause in white women

et al. 2010

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“…3e). In prior studies, serum cholesteryl ester has been reported to reflect adiposity and to be associated with the insulin sensitivity index 42 . Similarly, in this study, we also observed that serum levels of 20:3 cholesteryl ester were markedly reduced in mice administered L. fermentum LM1016.…”

Section: Administration Of L Fermentum Improved Serum Metabolic Paramentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus fermentum promotes adipose tissue oxidative phosphorylation to protect against diet-induced obesity

et al. 2020

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The gut microbiota has pivotal roles in metabolic homeostasis and modulation of the intestinal environment. Notably, the administration of Lactobacillus spp. ameliorates diet-induced obesity in humans and mice. However, the mechanisms through which Lactobacillus spp. control host metabolic homeostasis remain unclear. Accordingly, in this study, we evaluated the physiological roles of Lactobacillus fermentum in controlling metabolic homeostasis in diet-induced obesity. Our results demonstrated that L. fermentum-potentiated oxidative phosphorylation in adipose tissue, resulting in increased energy expenditure to protect against diet-induced obesity. Indeed, oral administration of L. fermentum LM1016 markedly ameliorated glucose clearance and fatty liver in high-fat diet-fed mice. Moreover, administration of L. fermentum LM1016 markedly decreased inflammation and increased oxidative phosphorylation in gonadal white adipose tissue, as demonstrated by transcriptome analysis. Finally, metabolome analysis showed that metabolites derived from L. fermentum LM1016-attenuated adipocyte differentiation and inflammation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. These pronounced metabolic improvements suggested that the application of L. fermentum LM1016 could have clinical applications for the treatment of metabolic syndromes, such as diet-induced obesity.

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“…The two classes of PUFA are designated as ω-3 and ω-6, with alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) [8] being the respective parent members.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PUFAs of the ω-6 family produce eicosanoids (PGE2, TXA2, and LTB4) which aggregate platelet potently, constrict vessels and act as strong inflammatory cytokines. Changes in the composition of fatty acids are known to influence insulin sensitivity [8], and the ratio of ω-3 to ω-6 PUFA is associated with increased incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) [9]. Furthermore, Giltay et al found that administration of estrogens increases DHA levels in cholesteryl esters in male-to-female transsexual subjects [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%