Plasma Chemical Reactor with Exploding Water Jet

Abstract

Exploding water jet discharge simultaneously generating powerful UV radiation, non-thermal plasma, and aerosol of fine water droplets has potential applications for removal of chemical and biological pollutants from air and water streams. A model plasma chemical reactor based on the exploding water jet discharge is considered. The radiation properties of the discharge, reactions of nitrogen oxide and hydrogen peroxide formation, and reactions of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide decomposition are studied experimentally.

Low temperature plasmas and electrosprays

“…The lines characteristic of O 2 (oxygen atomic line-777 nm), N 2 (nitrogen atomic line, 869.4 nm), and OH radicals (309 nm) appeared only for the streamer discharge. This result indicates that OH radicals can be produced only by the streamer discharge, as suggested by earlier results (see Sun et al (1997), Šunka et al (1999), Sugimoto et al (2001, Shmelev (2008), Shmelev et al (2009), Kanazawa et al (2009Kanazawa et al ( , 2011, Dilecce and De Benedictis (2011) and Elsawah et al (2012)), but are negligible for glow corona discharge. Kanazawa et al (2009) have generated positive streamer discharges over the water surface.…”

“…For pulse discharges, by an average current of 1-6 mA, Shmelev et al (2008Shmelev et al ( , 2009 observed a glow discharge along a liquid jet of the length of 18 mm, the transition of this discharge to sliding surface discharge, and finally to low-current arc discharge by the current increasing to about 20 mA. The electron temperature in this discharge was estimated to be 1-2 eV, and neutral gas temperature, based on Planck distribution, to T ≈ 5000 K. The light emitted by the discharge was generated by the excited/ionised gaseous molecules, water molecules, and products of water photolysis.…”

“…Recently, great attention has been paid to the investigation of plasma-liquid interactions, especially in atmospheric pressure plasma discharges over water or aqueous solution surfaces, as summarized by the latest large review and roadmap paper (Bruggeman et al 2016). This research is mainly motivated by new emerging applications of plasma discharges in biomedicine: starting from bio-decontamination and sterilization, through various medical therapies in dentistry, dermatology and cancer treatments, to applications in water cleaning, food production and agriculture (Laroussi et Fundamental investigations of electro-and plasma-chemical processes due to electrical discharges used for organic contaminants neutralization, spores destruction or bacteria killing at the air-water or other gas-liquid interfaces have been carried out by many authors (Sun et al 1997, Šunka et al 1999, Andre et al 2001, Mezei et al 2005, Sugama et al 2006, Baerdemaeker et al 2007, Liu et al 2007, 2008, Shmelev 2008, Shmelev et al 2009, Kanazawa et al 2009, Machala et al 2009, Locke and Shih 2011, Pongrac and Machala 2011, Shirai et al 2011a, 2011b, Pyrgiotakis et al 2012, Elsawah et al 2013, Kovalova et al 2013, 2016, Machala et al 2013, Kim et al 2014, Di Natale et al 2018, Hong et al 2018, Lamarche et al 2018. These processes were typically studied in low or medium power glow-corona, spark, streamer or arc discharges discharges.…”

Power Pulsing To Maximize Vibrational Excitation Efficiency in N2 Microwave Plasma: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study

“…The plasma-based N 2 fixation process has already been tested in different kind of plasma reactors, for both NH 3 synthesis from H 2 and N 2 − and NO x synthesis from O 2 and N 2. ,− The most promising results were delivered for NO x production in a microwave (MW) reactor at reduced pressure, yielding an energy cost of 0.3 MJ/mol for a NO x yield of 14% . Second place is a gliding arc (GA) reactor, with a 2% NO x yield and 2.8 MJ/mol energy consumption, reached at atmospheric pressure .…”

Plasma Technology: An Emerging Technology for Energy Storage

“…For plasma-based NO x formation, a larger number of different plasma types have been investigated, including various thermal and nonthermal discharges. − Table gives a nonexhaustive overview of some characteristic results. Again, the energy consumption values reported are only for the reactors and not for the overall process, except for the Birkeland–Eyde process (first row in the table).…”