Plasma biomarkers of brain injury in COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms

Sahin, BE.; Çelikbilek, Asuman; Koçak, Yavuz; Saltoglu, Gamze Turna; Konar, Naime Meriç; Hızmalı, Lokman

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2022.120324

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…As mentioned with previous brain injury biomarkers, serum S100B has also been associated with disease severity in COVID-19 patients ( Aceti et al, 2020 ; Mete et al, 2021 ). Report show that levels of serum S100B were not correlated with neurological symptoms overall in acute phase COVID-19 patients, but did find marginally elevated levels of S100B in patients with more than one neurological symptom ( Sahin et al, 2022 ). This may suggest that the elevated levels of S100B represents CNS injury to some extent during the acute phase of COVID-19, but it is unclear what implications this may have both clinically and in long-COVID patients.…”

Section: Role Of Circulating Biomarkers In Covid-19-associated Cognit...mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Elevated levels of circulating S100B has also been found in different groups of COVID-19 patients ( Aceti et al, 2020 ; Mete et al, 2021 ; Savarraj et al, 2021 ; Sahin et al, 2022 ). As mentioned with previous brain injury biomarkers, serum S100B has also been associated with disease severity in COVID-19 patients ( Aceti et al, 2020 ; Mete et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Role Of Circulating Biomarkers In Covid-19-associated Cognit...mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…This supports that GFAP correlates with disease severity, as it was found at significantly higher levels in COVID-19 patients who died during hospitalization when compared to those who survived ( Frontera et al, 2022 ). Other results have supported elevated GFAP levels with disease severity but did not find a significant correlation with the presence of neurological symptoms ( Sahin et al, 2022 ). One study found that GFAP levels normalized in all COVID-19 patients despite disease severity and the persistence of reported cognitive symptoms suggesting that the symptoms of COVID-19-associated cognitive impairment linger without the presence of active CNS injury ( Kanberg et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Role Of Circulating Biomarkers In Covid-19-associated Cognit...mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Neurofilaments (Nfs) are classified as type IV intermediate filaments that provide cytoskeletal stability and allow for radial Eng et al, 2000;Elahi et al, 2020;Kanberg et al, 2020Kanberg et al, , 2021Frontera et al, 2022;Heimfarth et al, 2022;Kim et al, 2022;Sahin et Significantly increased Yuan et al, 2017;Gaetani et al, 2019;Palermo et al, 2020;Rajan et al, 2020;De Lorenzo et al, 2021;Kanberg et al, 2021;Prudencio et al, 2021;Verde et al, 2021Verde et al, , 2022Chouliaras et al, 2022;Frontera et al, 2022;Thijssen et al, 2022;Zanella et Significantly increased Steiner et al, 2007;Lam et al, 2013;Barateiro et al, 2016;Serrano et al, 2017;Cristovao and Gomes, 2019;Aceti et al, 2020;Angelopoulou et al, 2021;Mete et al, 2021;Savarraj et al, 2021;Sahin et al, 2022 (Continued) Frontiers Significantly increased Gupta et al, 2020b;Xin et al, 2021;Acosta-Ampudia et al, 2022;Ferrando et al, 2022;…”

Section: Neurofilament Light Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have found elevated levels of GFAP in serum and/or plasma of COVID-19 patients ( Kanberg et al, 2020 , 2021 ; Frontera et al, 2022 ; Hanson et al, 2022 ; Sahin et al, 2022 ). This supports that GFAP correlates with disease severity, as it was found at significantly higher levels in COVID-19 patients who died during hospitalization when compared to those who survived ( Frontera et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Role Of Circulating Biomarkers In Covid-19-associated Cognit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive dysfunction associated with COVID-19: Prognostic role of circulating biomarkers and microRNAs

Alvarez

Trent

Goncalves

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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COVID-19 is renowned as a multi-organ disease having subacute and long-term effects with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. The evolving scientific and clinical evidence demonstrates that the frequency of cognitive impairment after COVID-19 is high and it is crucial to explore more clinical research and implement proper diagnostic and treatment strategies. Several central nervous system complications have been reported as comorbidities of COVID-19. The changes in cognitive function associated with neurodegenerative diseases develop slowly over time and are only diagnosed at an already advanced stage of molecular pathology. Hence, understanding the common links between COVID-19 and neurodegenerative diseases will broaden our knowledge and help in strategizing prognostic and therapeutic approaches. The present review focuses on the diverse neurodegenerative changes associated with COVID-19 and will highlight the importance of major circulating biomarkers and microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with the disease progression and severity. The literature analysis showed that major proteins associated with central nervous system function, such as Glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament light chain, p-tau 181, Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1, S100 calcium-binding protein B, Neuron-specific enolase and various inflammatory cytokines, were significantly altered in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, among various miRNAs that are having pivotal roles in various neurodegenerative diseases, miR-146a, miR-155, Let-7b, miR-31, miR-16 and miR-21 have shown significant dysregulation in COVID-19 patients. Thus the review consolidates the important findings from the numerous studies to unravel the underlying mechanism of neurological sequelae in COVID-19 and the possible association of circulatory biomarkers, which may serve as prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets in future research.

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Section: Role Of Circulating Biomarkers In Covid-19-associated Cognit...mentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Role Of Circulating Biomarkers In Covid-19-associated Cognit...mentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Role Of Circulating Biomarkers In Covid-19-associated Cognit...mentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Neurofilament Light Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Circulating Biomarkers In Covid-19-associated Cognit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cognitive dysfunction associated with COVID-19: Prognostic role of circulating biomarkers and microRNAs

Alvarez

Trent

Goncalves

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Systematic review and evidence gap mapping of biomarkers associated with neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19

Domingues,

Cobre,

Lazo

et al. 2023

J Neurol

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Brain damage serum biomarkers induced by COVID-19 in patients from northeast Brazil

et al. 2023

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Neurological symptoms have been often reported in COVID-19 disease. In the present study, we evaluated brain damage associated with the increase of serum levels of neurological biomarkers S100B and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection, in a population from Northeastern Brazil. Thirty-six healthy control (G1) individuals and 141 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in this study. Positive-COVID-19 patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of illness by the National Institute of Health (NIH) criteria, 76 patients with mild symptoms for COVID-19 and (G2) and 65 with acute respiratory conditions requiring supplemental oxygenation via intensive care unit (ICU) admission (G3). A follow-up study was conducted with 23 patients from G2 14 (D14) and 21 (D21) days after the onset of symptoms. Serum levels of NSE and S100B were measured using the enzyme-linked immunoassay method (ELISA). Results revealed a significant positive association between G3 patients and S100B serum expression ( p = 0.0403). The serum levels of NSE were also significantly enhanced in the G3 group compared to the control ( p < 0.0001) and G2 group ( p < 0.0001). In addition, clinical features such as symptoms and oxygenation status were not correlated with NSE or S100B serum expression. The follow-up study demonstrated a decrease over time (21 days) in NSE serum expression ( p < 0.0001). These results suggest that brain damage is followed by acute virus exposure, with no long-term effects. Future work examining COVID-19 recovery will shed light on chronic neurological damage of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Plasma biomarkers of brain injury in COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Cognitive dysfunction associated with COVID-19: Prognostic role of circulating biomarkers and microRNAs

Cognitive dysfunction associated with COVID-19: Prognostic role of circulating biomarkers and microRNAs

Systematic review and evidence gap mapping of biomarkers associated with neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19

Brain damage serum biomarkers induced by COVID-19 in patients from northeast Brazil

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